1453 Ottomans sack Constantinople
1492 Christians complete reconquest of Granada
1492 Columbus discovers the New World
1497 Da Gama sails to the Indian Ocean
1508-1511 Portuguese establish Indian Ocean bases
1517 Luther posts 95 theses
1519-1522 Magellan’s ship circumnavigates the globe
1519-1522 Cortés conquers the Aztecs
1525 Peasant wars in Holy Roman empire
1533 Pizarro conquers the Incas
1540 Portuguese arrive at Macao (China)
1545 Opening of Potosí mines
1556-1605 Consolidation of Mughal empire
1568 Dutch revolt against Spanish rule
1571 Spanish capture city of Manila
1571 Spanish fleet defeats Ottomans at Lepanto
1574 Ming erect wall to Macao to restrict European movement
1588 English defeat Spanish Armada

 

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