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Chapter 1 - 'Men Prone to Wonder': America Before 1600 Chapter 2 - The European Settlement of North America: The Atlantic Coast to 1660 Chapter 3 - Empires: 1660-1702 Chapter 4 - Benjamin Franklin's World: Colonial North America, 1702-1763 Chapter 5 - Toward Independence, 1764-1783 Chapter 6 - Inventing the American Republic: The States Chapter 7 - Inventing the American Republic: The Nation Chapter 8 - Establishing the New Nation Chapter 9 - The Fabric of Change, 1800-1815 Chapter 10 - A New Epoch: 1815-1828 Chapter 11 - Political Innovation in a Mechanical Age: 1828-1840 Chapter 12 - Worker Worlds in Antebellum America Chapter 13 - The Benevolent Empire: Religion and Reform, 1825-1846 Chapter 14 - National Expansion, Sectional Division: 1839-1850 Chapter 15 - A House Dividing: 1851-1860 Chapter 16 - Civil War: 1861-1865 Chapter 17 - Reconstruction, 1865-1877 Chapter 18 - The Rise of Big Business and the Triumph of Industry: 1870-1900 Chapter 19 - An Industrial Society: 1870-1910 Chapter 20 - Politics, Industrialism, and the State: 1876-1900 Chapter 21 - A New Place in the World: 1865-1914 Chapter 22 - The Progressive Era Chapter 23 - War, Prosperity, and the Metropolis: 1914-1929 Chapter 24 - The New Deal Chapter 25 - Whirlpool of War Chapter 26 - Fighting for Freedom Chapter 27 - From Hot War to Cold War Chapter 28 - Korea, Eisenhower, and Affluence Chapter 29 - Renewal of Reform Chapter 30 - Years of Rage Chapter 31 - Conservative Revival Chapter 32 - The Reagan Revolution Chapter 33 - Inventing a New Order
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CHAPTER OUTLINE

CHAPTER OUTLINE

  1. The Science of Government
    1. Scientific Societies
      1. American Philosophical Society in Philadelphia (1768)
      2. American Academy of Arts and Sciences in Boston (1780)
    2. State Constitutions (1776–80)
      1. Pennsylvania model
        1. Thomas Paine’s Common Sense (1776)
        2. republican government based on popular choice
        3. "unbalanced" government
        4. early state constitutions: Virginia, Pennsylvania
      2. Massachusetts model
        1. John Adams’s Thoughts on Government (1776)
        2. elected governor and bicameral assembly, appointive judiciary
        3. "balanced government"
        4. later state constitutions: New York, Massachusetts
      3. Mixed government
        1. king, Lords, and Commons
        2. property qualifications
        3. rejected as undemocratic
      4. Separation of functions
        1. legislative, executive, and judicial branches
        2. checks and balances
      5. Authority
        1. written constitutions
        2. fundamental law
        3. elected constitutional conventions
        4. ratification by the people
      6. Declarations of rights
        1. English Bill of Rights
        2. state bills of rights
        3. George Mason’s Virginia Declaration of Rights
      7. Religious freedom
        1. established religions
        2. religious toleration (privilege)
        3. separation of church and state
        4. Virginia Statute of Religious Freedom (1786)
  2. Republican Society
    1. The Meaning of Republican Equality
      1. Widespread property ownership
      2. Opportunity
      3. Upward mobility
      4. Interest-based representation
      5. Popular education
      6. Informed citizenry
    2. The First Emancipation
      1. Revolutionary assault on slavery
        1. restrictions on international slave trade
        2. gradual emancipation in northern states (1780–1804)
      2. Fugitive slaves
      3. Decline of white indentured servitude and apprenticeship
      4. Rise of wage labor
      5. "Colonization," or deportation, of former slaves
      6. Growth of the free black community
      7. Attacks on scientific racism
    3. Women
      1. "Weaker sex" tradition of sexism
      2. Abigail Adams’s plea to her husband, John, to "remember the ladies"
      3. Judith Sargeant Murray’s "On the Equality of the Sexes" (1790)
      4. Rise of "republican motherhood"
      5. Emergence of "female academies"
  3. Economic Adversity and Innovation
    1. Economic Adversity
      1. Wartime restrictions on American commerce
      2. Paper money
      3. Postwar imports
      4. Bankruptcies
    2. Innovations
      1. Shift from tobacco to wheat in the Chesapeake region
      2. Companies
        1. transportation: roads and canals
        2. George Washington and the Potowmack Company
        3. trade: China and India
        4. land speculation
      3. Manufacturing
        1. English Industrial Revolution
        2. textiles
          1. spinning jennies
          2. carding machines
        3. "state models"
        4. Moses Brown and Samuel Slater
    3. Patents and Copyright
    4. Invention of the American Corporation
      1. State-granted act of charter of incorporation
      2. Originally nonprofit institutions
      3. City charters
      4. Profit-making corporations
        1. large-scale
        2. capital-intensive
      5. Banks, including the Bank of North America
      6. America as an organizational society
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