Contents
- Identifying Arguments
-
- Arguments
- Exercise 1.1
- Propositions
- Exercise 1.2
- Explanations
- Summary
- Exercise 1.3
- Exercise 1.4
- Standardizing Arguments
- I. Standardization
-
- Sub-arguments
- Linked and Convergent Premises
- Exercise 2.1
- II. Missing Premises and Missing Conclusions
-
- Exercise 2.2
- Assumptions
- Exercise 2.3
- Counter-arguments
- Exercise 2.4
- Counter-considerations
- Summary
- Exercise 2.5
- Exercise 2.6
- Categorical Logic
- I. Categorical Statements
-
- Standard Form
- Distributed and Undistributed Terms
- Exercise 3.1
- The Square of Opposition
- Exercise 3.2
- II. Immediate Inferences
-
- Conversion
- Exercise 3.3
- Obversion
- Exercise 3.4
- Contraposition
- Exercise 3.5
- III. Categorical Arguments
-
- Exercise 3.6
- Evaluating Syllogisms
- Summary
- Exercise 3.7
- Necessary and Sufficient Conditions
- I. Conditional Statement
-
- All and Only
- Counter-examples
- Exercise 4.1
- If...then
- Exercise 4.2
- Only if
- Exercise 4.3
- Negation
- Unless
- Both Necessary and Sufficient/Neither Necessary nor Sufficient
- Exercise 4.4
- II. Conditional Arguments
-
- Good Arguments
- Bad Arguments
- Practice With Conditional Arguments
- Valid and Invalid Arguments
- Summary
- Exercise 4.5
- Language
- I. Definitions
-
- Exercise 5.1
- Stipulative definitions
- Exercise 5.2
- Operational definitions
- Exercise 5.3
- II. Fallacies of Language
-
- Persuasive Definitions
- Emotional Force in Language
- Exercise 5.4
- Ambiguity and Vagueness
- Summary
- Exercise 5.5
- Accepting Premises
- I. Reasons to Accept Premises
-
- Sub-arguments
- Common Knowledge
- Testimony
- Expert Knowledge
- Accepting a Premise Provisionally
- Exercise 6.1
- II. Fallacies Resulting from Bad Premises
-
- Dichotomy Arguments
- Begging the Question
- Summary
- Exercise 6.2
- Relevance
- I. Fallacies That Occur in Counter-arguments
-
- Straw Person Fallac
- Ad Hominem
- Tu Quoque
- Exercise 7.1
- II. More Fallacies of Relevance
-
- Fallacious Appeal to Authority
- Appeal to Tradition
- Appeal to Ignorance
- Exercise 7.2
- The Gambler’s Fallacy
- Appeal to Popularity/Appeal to the Select Few
- Summary
- Exercise 7.3
- Exercise 7.4
- Arguments from Analogy
-
- Analogies
- Fallacies of Analogy
- Fallacy of Two Wrongs
- Slippery Precedent
- Slippery Assimilation
- Summary
- Exercise 8.1
- Exercise 8.2
- Arguments from Experience
- I. Types of Arguments from Experience
-
- Hasty Generalization
- Exercise 9.1
- II. Statistical Arguments
-
- What Did You Count?
- How Did You Count It?
- Exercise 9.2
- Operationalization
- Researching Sensitive Topics
- Ethical Issues in Research
- Exercise 9.3
- Evaluating Statistical Arguments
- Summary
- Exercise 9.4
- Causal Arguments
-
- Cause and Effect
- Jumping from Correlation to Cause
- Control Groups
- Summary
- Exercise 10.1
Copyright © 2005, W. W. Norton & Company. All rights reserved.
XHTML,
CSS,
508