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W. W. Norton & Company : College Books

Art of Reasoning

Contents

  • INTRODUCTION
  • CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION
    • Thinking Skills
    • Objectivity
  • PART ONE - CONCEPTS AND PROPOSITIONS
  • CHAPTER 2 - CLASSIFICATION
    • Concepts and Referents
    • Rules and Classification
    • Levels of Organization
  • CHAPTER 3 - DEFINITIONS
    • The Functions of a Definition
    • Rules for Definitions
    • Constructing Definitions
  • CHAPTER 4 - PROPOSITIONS
    • Propositions and Sentences
    • Propositions and Word Meaning
    • Propositions and Grammar
  • PART TWO - ARGUMENTS
  • CHAPTER 5 - BASIC ARGUMENT ANALYSIS
    • Elements of Reasoning
    • Diagramming Arguments
    • Logical Strength
    • Implicit Premises
  • CHAPTER 6 - FALLACIES
    • Subjectivist Fallacies
    • Fallacies Involving Credibility
    • Fallacies of Context
    • Fallacies of Logical Structure
  • CHAPTER 7 - ADVANCED ARGUMENT ANALYSIS
    • Distilling an Argument
    • Diagramming Debates
  • PART THREE - CLASSICAL DEDUCTIVE LOGIC
  • CHAPTER 8 - CATEGORICAL PROPOSITIONS
    • Standard Form
    • The Square of Opposition
    • Existential Import
    • Distribution
    • Immediate Inference
    • Venn Diagrams
  • CHAPTER 9 - CATEGORICAL SYLLOGISMS
    • The Structure of a Syllogism
    • Validity
    • Enthymemes
    • Rules of Validity
    • Venn Diagrams
    • The Cancellation Method
  • CHAPTER 10 - DISJUNCTIVE AND HYPOTHETICAL SYLLOGISMS
    • Disjunctive Syllogisms
    • Hypothetical Propositions
    • Hypothetical Syllogisms
  • CHAPTER 11 - SYLLOGISMS IN ORDINARY REASONING
    • Distilling Deductive Arguments
    • Extended Arguments
  • PART FOUR - MODERN DEDUCTIVE LOGIC
  • CHAPTER 12 - PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC: SYMBOLIC NOTATION
    • Connectives
    • Statement Forms
    • Computing Truth Tables
  • CHAPTER 13 - PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC: ARGUMENTS
    • Truth Table Test of Validity
    • Truth Table Test-Short Form
    • Proof
    • Equivalence
    • Conditional Proof and Reductio Ad Absurdum
  • CHAPTER 14 - PREDICATE LOGIC
    • Quantifiers
    • General Statements
    • Relations and Multiple Quantification
    • Proof
  • PART FIVE - INDUCTIVE LOGIC
  • CHAPTER 15 - INDUCTIVE GENERALIZATIONS
    • Generalizing
    • Causality
    • Agreement and Difference
    • Concomitant Variations and Residues
  • CHAPTER 16 - ARGUMENT BY ANALOGY
    • Analogy and Similarity
    • Analysis and Evaluation
  • CHAPTER 17 - STATISTICAL REASONING
    • Logic and Statistics
    • Using Statistics in Argument
    • Statistical Generalization
    • Statistical Evidence of Causality
  • CHAPTER 18 - EXPLANATION
    • Explanation and Argument
    • Adequacy
    • The Truth of Hypotheses

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