By using the apparatus of variables, predicates, and quantifiers, we can make statements of any complexity. We are not limited to two terms, as in classical logic. Here is an example:

All banks that are chartered by the federal government can borrow from the Federal Reserve System.

(x)[(Bx Cx) Fx]

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Comprehension Questions

1.	Which of the following is the correct symbolization of "All S are P?"
	a)	(x)(Sx.~Px)
	b)	(x)(Sx>~Px)
	c)	(x)(Sx.Px)
	d)	(x)(Sx>Px)
2.	Which of the following is the correct symbolization of "No S is P?"
	a)	(x)(Sx.~Px)
	b)	(x)(Sx>~Px)
	c)	(x)(Sx.Px)
	d)	(x)(Sx>Px)
3.	Which of the following is the correct symbolization of "Some S are P?"
	a)	(x)(Sx.~Px)
	b)	(x)(Sx>~Px)
	c)	(x)(Sx.Px)
	d)	(x)(Sx>Px)
4.	Which of the following is the correct symbolization of "Some S are not P?"
	a)	(x)(Sx.~Px)
	b)	(x)(Sx>~Px)
	c)	(x)(Sx.Px)
	d)	(x)(Sx>Px)
5.	Which of the following is the correct symbolization of "All teachers are dedicated?"
	a)	(x) (Tx > Dx)
	b)	(x) (Tx . Dx)
	c)	(x) (Tx > Dx)
	d)	(x) (Tx v Dx)
6.	Which of the following is the correct symbolization of "Some examinations are difficult?"
	a)	(x) (x > Dx)
	b)	(x) (x > Dx)
	c)	(x) (x . Dx)
	d)	(x) (x . Dx)
7.	Which of the following is the correct symbolization of "Some dogs are not vicious?"
	a)	(x) (Dx > ~Vx)
	b)	(x) (Dx . ~Vx)
	c)	(x) (Dx . Vx)
	d)	(x) (Dx . Vx)
8.	Which of the following is the correct symbolization of "No man is an island?"
	a)	(x) (Mx > ~Ix)
	b)	(x) (Mx > ~Ix)
	c)	(x) (Mx > Ix)
	d)	(x) (Mx . ~Ix)

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Singular statements | General statements

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Existential import

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© Copyright 1998, W.W. Norton & Co.