Key Points
- America cultivated devotional music printed in shape-note format, a system designed for easy reading.
- The parlor and minstrel songs of nineteenth-century composer Stephen Foster were popular in his lifetime and remain so today.
- The great bandmaster and composer John Philip Sousa fostered the American wind band tradition, an outgrowth of the British military band.
- The European classical tradition dominated the United States in the nineteenth century, and most American musicians studied in Europe.
- Amy Beach was the only female member of the Second New England School of composers, which was based in Boston. She wrote in large-scale absolute genres, including the symphony, concerto, and sonata.
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