Key Points
- Romantic song structures include strophic and through-composed forms, as well as modified strophic form, which falls between the two.
- The German art song, or Lied—for solo voice and piano—was a favored Romantic genre. Composers wrote song cycles that unified a group of songs by text of theme.
- Franz Schubert was a gifted song composer who wrote more than six hundred Lieder and several song cycles. Erlking, set to a dramatic poem by Goethe, is his most famous song.
- Major technical improvements were made to the piano, and it became the preferred instrument of virtuosos and for home use.
- The short lyric piano piece, often given a fanciful title, was a favorite of Romantic composers, including Frédéric Chopin, whose entire creative output revolved around the piano. His works span from highly virtuosic study pieces to meditative miniatures to stately dances (polonaises) from his native Poland.
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