Glossary Terms for letter: I
Ibn Sina Philosopher and physican who lived from 980 to 1037 CE. He was also schooled in the Quran, geometry, literature, and Indian and Euclidian mathematics.
Iliad An epic Greek poem about the Trojan War, composed several centuries after the events it describes. It was based on oral tales passed down for generations.
Il-khanate Mongol-founded dynasty in thirteenth-century Persia.
Imperium A Latin word used to express Romans' power and command over their subjects. It is the basis of the English words "empire" and "imperialism."
Indo-Greek The fusion of Indian and Greek culture in the area under the control of the Bactrians, in the northwestern region of India, around 200 BCE.
Indu What we would today call India. Called "Indu" by Xuanzang, a Chinese Buddhist pilgrim who visited the area in the 630s and 640s CE.
Internal and external alchemy In Daoist ritual, this refers to the use of trance and meditation or chemicals and drugs, respectively, to cause transformations in the self.
Iron A cheap and highly durable metal, harder than tin or copper; iron went into the creation of tools and weapons that were instruments of major change in the first millennium BCE. The advent and use of iron affected warfare and agrarian culture across cultures.
Irrigation Technological advance whereby water delivery systems and water sluices in floodplains or riverine areas were channeled or redirected and used to nourish soil.
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