CHAPTER NINETEEN


IDENTIFICATIONS--Part A
Below are a number of items with which you should be familiar after reading Chapter 19. Enter your answer in the blank. Note: You must enter NUMERIC VALUES, then click your mouse anywhere outside of the input box to check your answer.
1. According to the text, the technology and motivation necessary to "discover" the New World in the late fifteenth century :
1. were a result of new Renaissance emphasis on rationalism and the scientific method.
2. only became available during Columbus' era.
3. were present during medieval times.
4. both a and b.

2. Early leadership in overseas discovery and trade was taken by:
1. France
2. England
3. Spain
4. Portugal

3. A factor which discovery of the New World until the end of the fifteenth century was:
1. a belief that the earth was flat.
2. political and economic unrest discouraged expensive and risky ventures.
3. a lack of ships capable of crossing the Atlantic
4. a papal prohibition of intercourse with heathen peoples.

4. Vasco da Gama's exploits extended Portuguese trade to:
1. the Gulf coast of Mexico.
2. New Zealand.
3. India.
4. the East Indies.

5. Christopher Columbus:
1. advanced the novel theory of the earth's sphericity.
2. was the first European to land on the American continent.
3. greatly underestimated the earth's circumference.
4. was bitterly disappointed by his failure to reach Asia.

6. The conquistadors obtained for Spain:
1. control of Central and South America except for Brazil.
2. raw materials which stimulated industrial development in the mother country.
3. much of western North America, present day Mexico, Central America, and all of South America.
4. a direct water route to India.

7. In the fifteenth century Roman Catholic church, granting of dispensations and spiritual benefits for money was known as:
1. simony.
2. the infamous dispensations.
3. heresy.
4. indulgences.

8. Martin Luther:
1. despised Catholics due to his parents strong anti-religious sentiments.
2. was a lawyer.
3. advocated civil obedience and personal study of the Bible.
4. all of the above.

9. Calvin's Institutes:
1. were organizations set up after his death to pass on the principles Calvin espoused.
2. was the name given to the schools Calvin established for the education of male children in Geneva.
3. had very little impact on the Reformation movement.
4. profoundly influenced the systematic foundation of Protestant theology.

IDENTIFICATIONS
Explain the significance of the following:
1. Transubstantiation 2. Lollards
3. Predestination
4. Treasury of Merits
5. The Spiritual Exercises
6. Elizabethan Compromise
7. Council of Trent
8. Augustinian
9. Thomasinian
10. Mennonites
11. Anabaptists
12. Justification by Faith
CHRONOLOGY
Match the event in column I with the date in column II. Click the Key for the proper answer.
I
KEY
II
1. Council of Trent
A. 1460
2. Death of Henry the Navigator
B. 1488
3. Index of Prohibited Books
C. 1502
4. Formal constitution of the order of Jesuits by Pope Paul III.
D. 1513
5. Peasants' Revolt in Germany
E. 1517
6. Balboa's discovery of the Pacific Ocean
F. 1519-1521
7. Cortés' conquest of the Aztec Empire
G. 1525
8. Posting of the Ninety-Five Theses
H. 1540
9. Founding of the University of Wittenberg
I. 1545-1563
10. Bartholomew Dias rounds the southern tip of Africa.
J. 1564
Who Was I?
1. A German prince who protected Luther from arrest by Catholic authorities.
2. A radical Anabaptist leader who declared himself successor of David and king of the New Jerusalem of Münster.
3. An archbishop of Canterbury who with the dukes of Somerset and Northumberland made the Church of England more decidedly Protestant during the reign of Edward VI.
4. A Protestant Reformer who is said to have reduced the church service to "four bare walls and a sermon."
5. A Spanish nobleman and ex-soldier who founded a militant religious order in the sixteenth century.
6. A pope whose authorization of the sale of indulgences in Germany incenses Luther.
7. The Holy Roman emperor who summoned a Diet that condemned Luther.
8. A pope of the Counter-Reformation who called the Council of Trent.
9. An English queen whose determined efforts to restore Catholicism to her country ended in failure.
10. A Swiss reformer who converted much of northern Switzerland to Protestantism.


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REVIEW: World Civilizations
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