W. W. Norton & Company | Inventing America, 2 ed.

Chapter 2: The European Settlement of North America: The Atlantic Coast to 1660

Chapter Outline

French Expeditions to North America
1. Giovanni de Verrazano (1524)
2. Jacques Cartier (1534, 1536)
3. Fort Caroline in Florida
4. St. Valentine's Day Massacre (1572)
The Reformation
1. Germany
  1. Martin Luther
  2. The ninety-five theses (1517)
  3. Lutheranism
2. Switzerland
  1. John Calvin
  2. Predestination
  3. Calvinism
3. England
  1. Henry VIII (r. 1509-47)
  2. Edward VI (r. 1547-53)
  3. Mary (r. 1553-58)
  4. Elizabeth I (r. 1558-1603)
English Expansion and Settlement
1. Foundations of English Expansion
  1. Diplomatic change
  2. Religious change
  3. Economic development
    1. trading companies
    2. mariners
      1. Sir John Hawkins
      2. Sir Francis Drake
    3. seafaring
      1. Drake's circumnavigation (1580)
      2. defeat of the Spanish Armada (1588)
  4. Political consolidation
2. English Conquest of Ireland
3. Proponents of Expansion
  1. Richard Hakluyt
  2. Sir Humphrey Gilbert
  3. Sir Walter Raleigh
    1. Roanoke Island (1585-90)
    2. Thomas Hariot's A Briefe and True Report of the New Found Land of Virginia (1588)
Non-English Settlements in North America
1. New France (1606)
  1. Samuel de Champlain and the founding of Quebec (1608)
  2. Jesuit missionaries and the Jesuit Relations
  3. Montreal (1642)
  4. Cardinal Richelieu and the Company of New France
2. New Netherland (1624)
  1. Dutch West India Company
  2. Walloons
  3. Fort Orange and New Amsterdam
  4. Patroons
  5. Peter Stuyvesant
3. New Sweden (1638)
  1. Swedish West India Company
  2. Finnish settlers
  3. Absorption by New Netherland (1655)
Chesapeake Colonies
1. Virginia (1606)
  1. Sagadahoc, Maine (Virginia Company of Plymouth)
  2. Virginia Company of London
  3. Jamestown (1607)
    1. Captain Christopher Newport
    2. Powhatan Confederacy
    3. Captain John Smith
  4. Charter of 1609
  5. Charter of 1612
  6. "Starving time" (1609-10)
  7. John Rolfe and tobacco culture (1612)
  8. Sir Edwin Sandys
    1. headright system
    2. Virginia Assembly (first representative assembly in British America)
      1. Governor's Council (appointive)
      2. House of Burgesses (elected)
  9. Indian attack of 1622
  10. Indentured servitude
  11. Revocation of Virginia's charter and conversion into a royal colony (1624)
2. Maryland (1632)
  1. George Calvert, Lord Baltimore
  2. Proprietary colony
3. Colonists
  1. Sex ratio
  2. Mortality (death rate)
  3. Orphans
  4. Individualism
New England Colonies
1. Puritanism
  1. English Calvinists, or Puritans
    1. Massachusetts Bay Colony (1630)
    2. Governor John Winthrop
  2. Separatists
    1. Leyden, Holland
    2. Plymouth Colony (1620)
2. The Crown and the Interregnum
  1. James I (r. 1603-25)
  2. Charles I (r. 1625-49)
  3. Commonwealth (1649-53)
  4. The Protectorate
    1. Oliver Cromwell (r. 1649-59)
    2. Richard Cromwell (r. 1659-60)
3. Colonial Government
  1. Governor
  2. General Court
    1. Assistants (appointed)
    2. Deputies (elected)
  3. Mayflower Compact
  4. Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Colony
4. Colonists
  1. Sex ratio
  2. Fertility
  3. Mortality
  4. Literacy
5. Dissenters
  1. Roger Williams
  2. Anne Hutchinson
  3. Rhode Island
6. Connecticut
7. Native Americans
  1. Pequots and Narragansetts
  2. West Mystic, Connecticut
8. Technology
  1. Hammersmith Iron Works
  2. Mills
  3. Construction
  4. Shipyards

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