Introduction President Roosevelt’s Death The Challenges Facing Harry Truman Clouded Victory Roosevelt’s Arrangements The postwar agendas of the Big Three The Teheran Conference The Bretton Woods Conference The Yalta Conference the key issues: Poland, Germany, Japan historical judgments about Yalta FDR’s growing doubts about Stalin The War in the Pacific Savageness of the Pacific War propaganda blanket bombing of Japan Invasion of Iwo Jima and Okinawa Planning the invasion of Japan The Atomic Bomb The challenge of nuclear fission The Manhattan Project The End of the War The Potsdam Conference and Declaration The final hours bombing of Hiroshima Soviets declare war on Japan bombing of Nagasaki the Japanese surrender The Decision to Use the Bomb: Critics and Defenders Entering the Peace America’s Unmatched Power Worries, Foreign and Domestic Fears of recession Veterans’ reentry problems Support for internationalism The creation of the U.N. The New President Biography Personal traits and beliefs Conservatism, Prices, and Strikes Congressional conservatism Price controls and inflation Widespread strikes UAW’s strike against GM coal miners’ strike railroad strike Political Earthquake: 1946 Sweeping Republican victory The conservative Eightieth Congress The Emergence of the Cold War Debating the Origins of the Cold War Division over the Atom U.S. nuclear monopoly The Atomic Energy Commission Proposals for international accord founder The Doctrine of Containment George Kennan’s brainchild The Truman Doctrine Critics of containment The Marshall Plan Reasons and scope Congressional reaction In Defense of Europe Stalin’s actions in Eastern Europe The Berlin airlift Dividing Germany The creation of NATO The Far East The Sinews of National Security The National Security Act The CIA Defense Research and Development Military support for research Office of Naval Research Atomic Energy Commission Jet-powered aircraft Electronic computers Prosperity and Tolerance A Flourishing Economy Baby boom signals optimism Reasons defense spending wartime savings and consumer demand G.I. Bill Faces Against the Window Continuing poverty Women in the workforce A Turn Against Intolerance Limits: Equal Rights Amendment fails Reasons for decline in intolerance wartime experience revelations about the Holocaust Cold War media attacks on prejudice Decline in anti-Semitism African American Aspirations Greater tolerance Jackie Robinson black musicians black workers and politicians Continuing discrimination southern segregation federal housing policy armed services African American protest Supreme Court supports equal rights Smith v. Allwright Morgan v. Virginia Shelley v. Kraemer Southern white resistance Truman Restored Politics and Minority Rights Truman’s reelection strategy Support for civil rights Recognition of Israel The Election of 1948 Democratic battle over civil rights Desegregation of the armed forces Defectors from the Democrats Dixiecrats Wallace’s Progressive Party The Republicans Nature of the campaign Truman’s upset victory Assessment The Fair Deal Congressional opposition Organized labor’s strategy Medical Research Federally funded research Private support The "Fall" of China Mao’s victory Debate over recognition Decision for a Hydrogen Bomb The Soviet atom bomb Debate over the H-bomb Subversion and Security Fears of Internal Subversion International setbacks The Klaus Fuchs case Suspicion of communists and sympathizers The Truman Loyalty Program Reasons and scope Damage to civil liberties The House Un-American Activities Committee HUAC’s makeup and agenda The Hollywood Ten Blacklisting The Case of Alger Hiss The Effects of Fear Conviction of American Communist Party leaders Loyalty oaths Chilling effect on culture and reform NSC-68