• Outline the factors that contributed to the United States’ economic boom between 1900 and 1920, and describe the impact of technological systems like electricity and the automobile on Americans during this period.

• Characterize the Progressive Era, and describe its different manifestations at the local, state, and national levels.

• Discuss the variety of Progressive approaches to the problems of workers, immigrants, African Americans, and large corporations.

• Discuss the role of women in Progressive reform movements, as well as the impact such movements had on women’s lives.

• Compare the approaches and accomplishments of the three Progressive presidents: Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, and Woodrow Wilson.

• Assess the legacies of the Progressive Era.

1889 Jane Addams founds Hull House.

1894 Immigration Restriction League founded.

1896 Henry Ford builds his first automobile.

1898 Charlotte Perkins Gilman publishes Women and Economics.

1900 Galveston, Texas, creates first city commission government.

William McKinley wins reelection.

Progressive Robert La Follette is elected governor of Wisconsin.

1901 Congress creates the National Bureau of Standards.

McKinley is assassinated; Theodore Roosevelt becomes president.

1902 Theodore Roosevelt mediates anthracite coal strike.

Congress passes the Newlands Reclamation Act.

1904 Supreme Court finds Northern Securities Company in violation of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act.

Creation of the Commerce Department.

Roosevelt proclaims "Square Deal"; wins reelection.

1905 Albert Einstein publishes special theory of relativity.

Industrial Workers of the World founded.

Roosevelt creates the U.S. Forest Service.

1906 Passage of the Hepburn Act.

Upton Sinclair publishes The Jungle.

Passage of the Pure Food and Drug and Meat Inspection Acts.

1907 Immigration to the United States peaks at 1.2 million.

1908 Ford Motor Company introduces the Model T. In Muller v. Oregon, Supreme Court upholds restricted hours for female workers.

William Howard Taft elected president.

1909 Ballinger-Pinchot controversy.

1911 Frederick Winslow Taylor publishes The Principles of Scientific Management.

1912 IWW leads textile strike in Lawrence, Massachusetts.

Woodrow Wilson elected president.

1913 Ford adopts the moving assembly line.

Ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment (federal income tax).

Ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment (direct election of senators).

Federal Reserve Act passed.

Underwood-Simmons Tariff passed.

1914 Clayton Anti-Trust Act passed.

1916 Madison Grant publishes The Passing of the Great Race.

Wilson appoints Louis Brandeis to the Supreme Court.

1919 Ratification of the Eighteenth Amendment (prohibition).

1920 Ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment (women’s suffrage).

1924 National Origins Act drastically restricts immigration to the United States.