• Describe the reasons for, and consequences of, the "integration" of American society in the decades following the Civil War.

• Discuss the treatment accorded southern blacks, Native Americans, and immigrants in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

• Describe the changes and continuities that the emergence of an industrial society brought to farm life.

• Explain the explosive growth of cities between 1870 and 1910, and detail the opportunities and problems that came with urban growth.

• Describe the ways in which the emerging industrial society changed women’s lives.

• Explain how the triumph of industrial capitalism and the emergence of modern science (particularly Darwin’s theory of evolution) changed the way Americans viewed their world between 1860 and 1900.

1872–74 The great buffalo slaughter on the Great Plains.

1873 San Francisco builds first cable car line..An Industrial Society: 1870–1910

Women’s Christian Temperance Union founded.

Comstock Law passed.

1874 Black Hills gold rush begins.

1876 Custer’s defeat at the Battle of Little Bighorn.

Johns Hopkins University opens nation’s first graduate school.

1878 Yellow fever epidemic in Memphis.

1879 Henry George publishes Progress and Poverty.

Mary Baker Eddy founds the Church of Christ, Scientist.

1881 Booker T. Washington founds the Tuskegee Institute.

1882 Congress passes Chinese Exclusion Act.

1883 Supreme Court rules Civil Rights Act of 1875 unenforceable.

Brooklyn Bridge completed.

1885 William Dean Howells publishes The Rise of Silas Lapham.

World’s first skyscraper, the Home Life Insurance Building, built in Chicago.

1886 Haymarket Affair fuels nativism.

1887 Dawes Severalty Act passed.

American Protective Association founded.

1888 First electrified streetcar system begins operation in Richmond, Virginia.

Edward Bellamy publishes Looking Backward.

1890 Jacob Riis publishes How the Other Half Lives.

1893 New York City aqueduct completed.

1895 Booker T. Washington gives Atlanta Compromise speech.

1896 Free rural mail delivery begins.

Supreme Court upholds segregation in Plessy v. Ferguson decision.

1897 Boston opens first subway line.

1898 White race riot in Wilmington, North Carolina.

1909 W. E. B. Du Bois and others found the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.

1924 Citizenship conferred upon all Native Americans.