•Provide an overview of the various ways in which American society expanded and developed between 1800 and 1815, culminating in scientific advances.

• Characterize Thomas Jefferson’s vision for the new nation that he helped create, and explain its intellectual foundations.

• Discuss President Jefferson’s major domestic policies, including his economic program.

• Explain how and why Jefferson purchased Louisiana and launched the Lewis and Clark expedition.

• Chart the course of events that gradually involved America in the Napoleonic Wars between England and France and resulted in the War of 1812.

• Describe and explain the burst of scientific innovation and economic enterprise that accompanied the War of 1812.

1800 France reacquires Louisiana Territory from Spain.

1801 Judiciary Act of 1801 prompts "midnight appointment" of Federalist judges.

1802 Spain closes New Orleans to American trade.

1803 President Jefferson purchases the Louisiana Territory from France.

Chief Justice John Marshall establishes judicial review in Marbury v. Madison.

1804 Jefferson is reelected president..The Fabric of Change: 1800–1815 | 87

1804–6 Lewis and Clark expedition travels to Pacific Ocean and back in two and a half years.

1806 Congress approves National Road from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River.

1807 British naval vessel attacks USS Chesapeake off the coast of Virginia.

Embargo of 1807 closes all American ports to prevent war with England.

Robert Fulton launches his steamboat, the Clermont.

1808 Congress passes the Act of Arming and Equipping the Militia to prepare for war.

Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin issues his "Report on the Roads and Canals."

James Madison elected president.

1809 Congress passes the Non-Intercourse Act, forbidding trade with England and France.

1810 Congress passes Macon’s Bill Number Two to coerce either England or France to respect neutral rights.

1811 William Henry Harrison defeats the Shawnee Prophet at the Battle of Tippecanoe in Indiana Territory.

1812 Responding to Madison’s war message, Congress declares war against England.

1812–14 War of 1812 between the United States and England.

1814 At the Hartford Convention, Federalists voice opposition to the war.

Treaty of Ghent establishes armistice to end the War of 1812.

1815 Andrew Jackson leads Americans to victory over the British at the Battle of New Orleans.