CHAPTER OUTLINE
CHAPTER OUTLINE
The New Federal Government
Federal Hall, New York City
Protocol
Washington’s example
Roman model of simplicity
Executive Branch
Executive departments: the cabinet
Alexander Hamilton: Department of the Treasury
Henry Knox: Department of War
Thomas Jefferson: Department of Foreign Affairs
reconstituted as Department of State
patent and copyright
president’s dismissal power
Postmaster general
Treasury Department (1789–92)
Post Office Act (1792)
Judicial Branch: Federal Judiciary Act of 1789
Supreme Court
chief justice (John Jay)
five associate justices
Circuit courts
District courts
Right of appeal to Supreme Court
Section 25: Supreme Court’s jurisdiction over constitutional questions
Attorney general (Edmund Randolph)
Bill of Rights
James Madison
Antifederalists
Ratification of the Bill of Rights, first ten amendments to the Constitution (1791)
Ninth Amendment: unenumerated rights
Tenth Amendment: reserved powers retained by states or people
North Carolina’s and Rhode Island’s ratification of the Constitution (1789–90)
Federal Financial System
Tariff of 1789
Coastal navigation
Hamilton’s four reports to Congress (1790–91)
public credit
proposal to pay domestic war debt at face value, or "par"
Madison’s alternate proposal
congressional approval of Hamilton’s plan
proposal to assume states’war debt
sectional division
compromise resulting in new capital (1790)
national bank
Madison’s objections
congressional approval
mint
Jefferson’s objections
congressional approval
manufactures
congressional rejection of protective duties and bounties
passive federal role in encouraging manufacturing
The National Economy
Passaic River: Society for Establishing Useful Manufactures
Potomac River: National Capital
District of Columbia
Pierre-Charles L’Enfant
Capitol building
Coastal Cities
International trade
Port of Boston
Exports and the Carrying Trade
European and colonial markets
revolution and war in Europe (1789–1815)
closing of British empire to American trade (1783)
opening of French empire to American trade (1793)
opening of Spanish empire to American trade (1797)
The reexport trade
American consumer revolution
Transportation
Seamen
Shipyards
Transportation and communication improvements: rivers, canals, and bridges
Navigation improvements
longitude
chronometers
reflecting quadrant
Nathaniel Bowditch’s
New American Practical Navigator
(1802)
Cotton
Long-staple and short-staple
Samuel Slater’s spinning mill, Pawtucket, Rhode Island (1793)
Eli Whitney’s cotton gin (1793)
Consolidation of slavery
Politics
The Federalist Party
Alexander Hamilton
John Fenno’s
Gazette of the United States
The Republican Party
Thomas Jefferson and James Madison
Philip Freneau’s
National Gazette
Democratic societies
National Authority
Militia Act of 1792
Excise taxes
Whiskey Rebellion (1794)
Foreign Affairs
Federalist Affinity for Great Britain
Republican Admiration for France
French Revolution (1789)
Execution of King Louis XVI (1793)
Reign of Terror
Washington’s Proclamation of Neutrality (1793)
Jefferson’s Resignation as Secretary of State
Edmond Genet’s mission to the United States
British Campaign Against American Trade
Orders in Council
Rule of 1756
Reexports
Impressment
Jay’s Treaty (1795)
Indian Wars
Battle of Fallen Timbers (1794)
Treaty of Greenville (1795)
Pinckney’s Treaty / Treaty of San Lorenzo (1795)
The Adams Presidency
Washington’s Farewell Address
Election of 1796
The Adams Administration
The XYZ Affair
Military buildup against France
Eli Whitney and interchangeable parts
Department of the Navy (1798)
Joshua Humphreys’s ship design
three new frigates:
United States, Constellation, Constitution
("Old Ironsides")
The Alien and Sedition Acts (1798)
The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions (1798)
Election of 1800
Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr
"Revolution of 1800"