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1 A New World
2 Beginnings of English America, 1607–1660
3 Creating Anglo-America, 1660–1750
4 Slavery, Freedom, and the Struggle for Empire, to 1763
5 The American Revolution, 1763–1783
6 The Revolution Within
7 Founding a Nation, 1783–1789
8 Securing the Republic, 1790–1815
9 The Market Revolution, 1800–1840
10 Democracy in America, 1815–1840
11 The Peculiar Institution
12 An Age of Reform, 1820–1840
13 A House Divided, 1840–1861
14 A New Birth of Freedom: The Civil War, 1861–1865
15 “What Is Freedom?”: Reconstruction, 1865–1877
16 America’s Gilded Age, 1870–1890
17 Freedom’s Boundaries, at Home and Abroad, 1890–1900
18 The Progressive Era, 1900–1916
19 Safe for Democracy: The United States and World War I, 1916–1920
20 From Business Culture to Great Depression: The Twenties, 1920–1932
21 The New Deal, 1932–1940
22 Fighting for the Four Freedoms: World War II, 1941–1945
23 The United States and the Cold War, 1945–1953
24 An Affluent Society, 1953–1960
25 The Sixties, 1960–1968
26 The Triumph of Conservatism, 1969–1988
27 Globalization and Its Discontents, 1989–2000
28 September 11 and the Next American Century

Chapter 3: Creating Anglo-America, 1660–1750

Outline

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  1. Introduction
    1. Social turmoil of late-seventeenth century North America
    2. Illustration: King Philip's War
      1. Indian attacks on southern New England colonial settlements
      2. Defeat of Indian rebellion
      3. Devastation of southern New England Indians
  2. Expansion of England's empire
    1. Mercantilism
      1. Principles
      2. Adoption by England
      3. Place of North America in
    2. New York
      1. Origins
      2. Growth and significance
        1. Military
        2. Commercial
        3. Population
      3. Status of inhabitants
        1. Religious groups
        2. Ethnic groups
        3. Women
        4. Blacks
        5. Landed elite
        6. Iroquois Confederacy
        7. Charter of Liberties and Privileges
    3. Carolina
      1. Origins
      2. Relations with Indians
      3. Lures for settlers
      4. Introduction of plantation slavery
    4. Pennsylvania
      1. Origins
      2. William Penn
      3. Quaker principles
      4. Relations with Indians
      5. Lures for settlers
      6. Growth
  3. Origins of American slavery
    1. Reasons for rise of black slavery in British colonies
      1. Growing demand for plantation labor
      2. Practical advantages over other alternatives
      3. English cultural perceptions
        1. Of "alien peoples" in general
        2. Of Africans in particular
    2. Slavery in world history
    3. Slavery in the West Indies
      1. Rapid rise during seventeenth century
      2. Centrality of sugar production
    4. Rise of Chesapeake slavery
      1. Early decades
        1. Predominance of servants from England
        2. Ambiguities of lines between black and white, slavery and freedom
          1. In custom
          2. In law
      2. Mid-seventeenth century
        1. Gradual divergence in status of blacks and whites
        2. Growing practice of slavery
      3. Bacon's Rebellion
        1. Background
          1. Governor William Berkeley's favoritism toward wealthy planters
          2. Diminishing prospects, rising hardships of small farmers
          3. Berkeley's restraints on white settlement
        2. Narrative
          1. Frontier attacks on Indians
          2. Mobilization of diverse rebels by Nathaniel Bacon
          3. Grievances and objectives
          4. Burning of Jamestown
          5. Attacks on governor's supporters
          6. Suppression of rebellion
        3. Long-term consequences
          1. Expanded freedoms and opportunities for white Virginians
          2. Accelerated shift from white indentured servitude to black slavery
      4. Early eighteenth century
        1. Legal codification of slavery, white supremacy
        2. Consolidation of slavery as basis of Virginia economy
      5. Slave resistance
  4. Colonies in crisis
    1. The Glorious Revolution and repercussions for colonial America
      1. The Glorious Revolution in England
        1. Establishment of Parliamentary supremacy
        2. Entrenchment of Protestant succession to throne
        3. Affirmation of English rights and liberties
      2. Reassertion of colonial autonomy; new charters
        1. Abolition of Dominion of New England; restoration of New England colonial governments
        2. Maryland
        3. New York
        4. Massachusetts
    2. Witchcraft in New England
      1. Seventeenth-century belief in supernatural
        1. Generally around Europe and America
        2. Among Puritans
      2. Customary conceptions and treatment of "witches"
      3. Salem witch trials
        1. Mounting hysteria
        2. Accusations, trials, and punishment
        3. Ebbing of hysteria
        4. Discrediting of witch-hunting; growing commitment to scientific explanation
  5. Trends in eighteenth-century colonial America
    1. Population growth
      1. Remarkable pace
      2. Causes
    2. Increasing diversity of population
      1. Higher rate of non-English to English arrivals
        1. Efforts by London to stem outflow of skilled English
        2. Efforts by London to encourage settlement by others
      2. Africans
      3. English convicts
      4. Scots and Scots-Irish
      5. Germans
    3. Lures to settlement
      1. Religious diversity
      2. Availability of land
      3. Demand for skills
      4. Other freedoms and opportunities
    4. Indians and the colonies
      1. Place in imperial system as traders, consumers, military allies
      2. Growing conflict with backcountry settlers
    5. Patterns of agriculture
      1. New England
      2. Backcountry
      3. Middle Colonies
    6. Place of colonies in consumer revolution
      1. As producer of goods
      2. As consumer of goods
    7. Colonial cities
      1. Growth
      2. Functions
        1. Financial
        2. Commercial
        3. Cultural
      3. Merchants
      4. Artisans
  6. Social classes in the colonies
    1. Elites
      1. Rising dominance
      2. Regional variants
        1. Mercantile elite of New England and Middle Colonies
        2. Planter elite of Chesapeake and Lower South
      3. Means of social and political hegemony
      4. "Anglicization"
        1. Aristocratic lifestyle
        2. Hierarchical worldview
    2. The poor
      1. Spread of poverty
        1. Slaves
        2. Landless tenants and wage earners
      2. Attitudes and policies toward the poor
        1. Image as responsible for own poverty
        2. Workhouses
        3. Apprenticeship
        4. "Warning out" of and expulsion from communities
    3. Middling ranks
      1. Predominance of
      2. Basis in land ownership
      3. Gender divisions of labor

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