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Eighteenth Amendment (1919) Prohibition amendment that made illegal
the manufacture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic beverages.
Ellis Island Reception center in New York Harbor through which most European
immigrants to America were processed from 1892 to 1954.
Emancipation Proclamation (1863) President Abraham Lincoln issued a
preliminary proclamation on September 22, 1862, freeing the slaves in
the Confederate states as of January 1, 1863, the date of the final
proclamation.
Embargo Act of 1807 Attempt to exert economic pressure instead of waging
war in reaction to continued British impressment of American sailors; smugglers
easily circumvented the embargo, and it was repealed two years later.
Emergency Banking Relief Act (1933) First New Deal measure that provided
for reopening the banks under strict conditions and took the
United States off the gold standard.
Emergency Immigration Act of 1921 Limited U.S. immigration to 3 percent
of each foreign-born nationality in the 1910 census; three years later
Congress restricted immigration even further.
Encomienda System under which officers of the Spanish conquistadores
gained ownership of Indian land.
ENIAC Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer, built in 1944, the
early, cumbersome ancestor of the modern computer.
Enlightenment Revolution in thought begun in the seventeenth century that
emphasized reason and science over the authority of traditional religion.
Enola Gay American B-29 bomber that dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima,
Japan, on August 6, 1945.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Created in 1970 during the first
administration of President Richard M. Nixon to oversee federal pollution
control efforts.
Era of Good Feelings Contemporary characterization of the administration of
popular Democratic-Republican president James Monroe, 1817–25.
Erie Canal Most important and profitable of the barge canals of the 1820s
and 1830s; stretched from Buffalo to Albany, New York, connecting the
Great Lakes to the East Coast and making New York City the nation’s
largest port.
Espionage and Sedition Acts (1917–18) Limited criticism of U.S. participation
in the First World War; the most repressive measures passed up to
that time.
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