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1 The Collision Of Cultures
2 Britain And Its Colonies
3 Colonial Ways Of Life
4 The Imperial Perspective
5 From Empire To Independence
6 The American Revolution
7 Shaping A Federal Union
8 The Federalist Era
9 The Early Republic
10 Nationalism And Sectionalism
11 The Jacksonian Impulse
12 The Dynamics Of Growth
13 An American Renaissance: Religion, Romanticism, And Reform
14 Manifest Destiny
15 The Old South
16 The Crisis Of Union
17 The War Of The Union
18 Reconstruction: North And South
19 New Frontiers: South And West
20 Big Business And Organized Labor
21 The Emergence Of Urban America
22 Gilded-age Politics And Agrarian Revolt
23 An American Empire
24 The Progressive Era
25 America And The Great War
26 The Modern Temper
27 Republican Resurgence And Decline
28 New Deal America
29 From Isolation To Global War
30 The Second World War
31 The Fair Deal And Containment
32 Through The Picture Window: Society And Culture, 1945–1960
33 Conflict And Deadlock: The Eisenhower Years
34 New Frontiers: Politics And Social Change In The 1960s
35 Rebellion And Reaction In The 1960s And 1970s
36 A Conservative Insurgency
37 Triumph And Tragedy: America At The Turn Of The Century
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  1. Election of 1932
    1. Country’s plight in 1932–1933
    2. Republicans renominated Hoover
    3. Democrats nominated Roosevelt
      1. Calls for New Deal
      2. FDR’s background
    4. Campaign
      1. FDR’s proposals
      2. FDR-Hoover contrasts
    5. Results
  2. The early New Deal
    1. Inauguration
    2. Influences on New Deal policies
      1. Wartime experience
      2. Social work background
    3. General policies
      1. Problems
        1. The economy
        2. Human misery
        3. Agriculture
      2. Competing proposals
        1. Anti-trust laws
        2. Collaboration with big business
        3. Expanded welfare and government spending
      3. FDR’s opinions
        1. Inconsistent
        2. Christian and democrat
        3. Pragmatic
      4. Strategy
        1. Financial crisis and emergency relief
        2. Industrial recovery
          1. Federal spending
          2. Cooperative agreements
        3. Raise commodity prices
    4. Initial efforts
      1. Banking and the economy
        1. Bank holiday
        2. Emergency Banking Act
        3. Economy Act
        4. Refinancing farm and home mortgages
        5. Reform of banking and stock markets
          1. Creation of FDIC
          2. Regulation of stocks and bonds
        6. Abandonment of gold standard
      2. Relief measures
        1. Civilian Conservation Corps
        2. Federal Emergency Relief Administration
        3. Civil Works Administration
        4. Works Progress Administration
          1. Federal Art and Writers’ Projects
          2. National Youth Administration
  3. Recovery through regulation
    1. Ideas of brain trust
    2. Aid for agriculture
      1. Wide variety of options within AAA
      2. Immediate action to prevent surpluses
      3. Establishment of marketing quotas for cotton and tobacco
      4. General effects on farm income
      5. Second AAA
        1. Supreme Court overturns first AAA
        2. Soil Conversion Act
    3. Efforts for the recovery of industry
      1. National Industrial Recovery Act
      2. Title II: the Public Works Administration (PWA)
      3. The National Recovery Administration (NRA)
        1. Two primary aims
        2. Nature of the NRA operation
        3. Development of the “blanket code”
        4. Objections to the NRA codes
        5. Enduring impact of the NRA
    4. Regional planning: Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
      1. Historical basis for the concept
      2. The legislation
      3. Impact of the TVA
      4. Creation of the Rural Electrification Association (REA)
  4. Human cost of the Depression
    1. Hardships in personal lives
      1. Unemployment
      2. Marriage and birthrates
    2. Dust bowl
      1. Southern plains
      2. Causes
        1. Drought
        2. Industrial agriculture
      3. Human effects
      4. Migration
        1. The migrants
        2. To urban California
        3. Okie subculture
    3. Minorities
      1. Programs for whites only
      2. Effects of crop reductions on tenants
      3. Mexican Americans
        1. Lack of citizenship
        2. Calls for deportation
      4. Native Americans
        1. John Collier
        2. Indian Reorganization Act
      5. Supreme Court and blacks
  5. Culture in the 1930s
    1. Literature and the Depression
      1. Effects of Depression
        1. Social activism
        2. Communism
      2. Novelists of social significance
        1. John Steinbeck
        2. Richard Wright
    2. Popular culture
      1. Radio
        1. Entertainment
        2. Fireside chats
      2. Movies
        1. Gangsters
        2. Musicals
        3. Comedies
  6. The Second New Deal
    1. Eleanor Roosevelt
      1. Background
      2. Relationship with FDR
      3. First lady
        1. Presidential adviser
        2. Advocate for blacks
        3. Liaison for liberals
    2. Criticism of the New Deal
      1. American Liberty League
      2. Critics on the left
        1. Huey P. Long
        2. Francis Townsend
        3. Charles Coughlin
      3. Supreme Court
    3. Legislative achievements
      1. Wagner Act
      2. Social Security Act
        1. Pension fund
        2. Unemployment insurance
        3. Aid to unemployables
        4. Limitations
      3. Revenue Act of 1935
  7. FDR’s second term
    1. Election of 1936
      1. Alfred M. Landon
      2. Union Party
      3. FDR’s coalition
      4. Outcome
    2. Court-packing plan
      1. Enlarge the court
      2. Opposition
      3. Changes in the court
      4. Effects of the fight
    3. Stirrings among labor
      1. Impetus to unionization
      2. Rise of industrial unions
      3. Intense conflict with management
        1. Techniques used by management
        2. Action by autoworkers
          1. Sit-down strike
          2. Walter Reuther
          3. United Auto Workers
        3. CIO victories
        4. Growing power for organized labor
    4. Reaction to a new depression
      1. Course of the 1937 slump
      2. Administration’s reaction
      3. The battle over spending
        1. Fear of the unbalanced budget
        2. Keynesian theory
      4. Roosevelt’s call for spending
      5. Reforms of 1937
        1. Housing legislation
        2. Assistance for rural poverty
          1. Farm Tenant Act
          2. Work of the Farm Security Administration
      6. The legislation of 1938
        1. Second AAA
        2. Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act
        3. Fair Labor Standards Act
    5. Setbacks to the New Deal
      1. Emergence of an opposition
        1. Defection of the southerners
        2. Victories of the opposition in 1938
      2. Roosevelt’s 1938 purge
      3. Results of the 1938 elections
      4. Limited legislation in 1939
  8. Legacy of the New Deal: halfway revolution
    1. Enlarged government
    2. Restoration of hope
    3. Increased government responsibility
    4. Revolutionary and conservative

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