CHAPTER OUTLINE

Election of Reagan California background Hollywood actor Spokesman for GE Liberal to conservative Conservative governor Political rise of Reagan Demographic changes Older population Growth of Sunbelt Religious revival Fundamentalism “Moral Majority” Traditional values Backlash against feminism Phyllis Schlafly and anti-ERA movement Anti-abortion movement Election of 1980 Reagan’s promises Reagan victory Voter apathy Democrats’ declining appeal Reagan’s first term Reaganomics “Government is the problem” Tax cuts Budget deficits Expenditures slashed Increase in poverty Recession 1982 tax increase Conflicts of interest Effects of social policies Labor unions Feminism Minorities Foreign affairs in the 1980s Reagan’s anti-communism Military buildup “Star Wars” Rhetorical protests Emphasis on Central America El Salvador Nicaragua Sandinistas Contras Middle East Iran-Iraq war Lebanon, PLO, Israel Grenada Reagan’s second term Election of 1984 Economic recovery Mondale and taxes Tax reform of 1986 Arms control talks Geneva negotiations Collapse of Iceland Decline in Reagan’s popularity 1986 elections Revelations of “Irangate” Iran-Contra scandal Arms for hostages Profits to Contras North, Poindexter, McFarlane, Casey Tower Commission Special prosecutor and indictments Troubles in Latin America Nicaraguan Contras Electoral defeat in El Salvador Economic difficulties Soaring debt Stock market collapse Fear of recession The left-out Homeless Low-cost housing shortage Gentrification Deinstitutionalization AIDS sufferers INF agreement Reagan legacy Welfare state intact Larger federal budget Hope restored Peacetime prosperity Democrats on defensive Larger gap between rich and poor Huge budget deficits 1988 election Michael Dukakis George H. W. Bush Mudslinging Results The Bush years Tone of the Bush administration Domestic policies Economic problems Budget deficits Tax increases and spending cuts War on drugs Poverty Democratic movements in the world Tiananmen Square Brezhnev doctrine repudiated Eastern Europe East Germany Mongolia Soviet Union Gorbachev’s role Coup Boris Yeltsin World reaction Dissolution of Soviet Union Weapons reductions Panama Manuel Noriega and drugs U.S. invasion Surrender of Noriega The Gulf War Iraq invades Kuwait U.N. resolutions 661 and 678 Operation “Desert Shield” Congressional debate Operation “Desert Storm” Cease-fire Saddam Hussein still in power