CHAPTER OUTLINE

The New South Concept of the New South Henry Grady’s vision The New South creed Economic growth Growth of cotton textile manufacturing Development of the tobacco industry Bull Durham Duke family The American Tobacco Company Coal production Lumbering Beginnings of petroleum and hydroelectric power Agriculture in the New South King Cotton Features of sharecropping and tenancy Impact of the crop lien system Role of the Bourbon Redeemers Nature of the Bourbons Bourbon economic policies Laissez-faire Retrenchment in government Private philanthropy Convict lease system Repudiation of Confederate debts in some states Positive contributions Varied development of color lines in social relations Disenfranchisement of blacks Causes Negrophobia Fears of black progress Black assertiveness Racial violence Populists divided white vote Techniques used to exclude blacks Mississippi Louisiana Spread of segregation Segregation in railway cars Civil rights cases, 1883 Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896 Black responses Migration Resistance Accommodation Black culture and pride Churches Economic opportunities Uplift organizations Ida B. Wells Background Legal action Crusade against lynching NAACP Clash of Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. Du Bois The New West The West after the war Manifest Destiny or colonization Moving frontiers Changes in the Great American Desert Migration Sources African Americans Exodusters Benjamin Singleton Cowboys and soldiers The mining frontier Pattern of mining development Locations of major mineral discoveries New states Indians Indian wars 1851 treaty with Plains tribes Wars in 1860s and 1870s Slaughter at Fort Lyon Indian Peace Commission Reservations White encroachment Red River War The Great Sioux War General George Custer Little Bighorn Nez Percés Wounded Knee Indian policy reform Concerns of easterners Dawes Severalty Act Cowboys and cattle on the range Cattle industry Mexican influence Railroads and cowtowns Cowboys Meat packers Barbed wire End of open range Range wars Farming Availability of land Hardships of farm life Pioneer women Turner’s frontier thesis Effects of frontier End of the frontier