CHAPTER OUTLINE

The Tyler years Harrison’s brief beginning Tyler’s position on issues Domestic issues The clash between Clay and Tyler Tyler left without a party Foreign affairs Conflicts between Britain and the United States Settlements in the Webster-Ashburton Treaty Westward expansion Manifest Destiny Indian cultures of the West Nomadic hunters of the plains Farmers of the Southwest Other tribes Impact of white expansion The Spanish Southwest Spanish influences Mexican revolution Events in Europe Mexican independence The Northwest The fur trade Settlement in Oregon California Spanish settlement The Franciscan missions Relations with Indians Control Conversion Labor Indians Use of force Rebellions Movement west Trails west Santa Fe Trail Overland Trail Effects of journey west Hardships, work, disease Impact on Indians Donner Party Origins Mistakes Tragedy John C. Frémont Involvements in Texas Settlements Stephen F. Austin Cotton Growing conflict Mexican opposition Demands for representation Santa Anna takes power Rebellion in Texas War for independence Battle of the Alamo Sam Houston Capture of Santa Anna Texas Republic Attempts to join the United States Presidency of Polk Election of 1844 Positions on Texas Polk’s victory Polk’s background Polk’s program Proslavery stance Reduction in tariff Independent Treasury Geographic expansion Annexation of Texas Acquisition of Oregon The Mexican War Disputes with Mexico Polk’s provocation of an attack Opposition to the war Preparation for war Military units compared Nature of the warfare Development of a plan of action Selection of a commander The character of Zachary Taylor Annexation of California Creation of the Republic of California Steps to conquest by the United States Taylor’s battles Conquest of Monterey Polk’s suspicions and intrigue Battle of Buena Vista Scott’s conquest of Mexico City Amphibious attack on Vera Cruz Maneuvering to Mexico City Terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo The war’s legacy Human and financial costs Territory acquired A cluster of military firsts Impact on the nation Initial pride Failure to become a national legend Individuals promoted