CHAPTER OUTLINE

The people and environment of early America Sources of immigration British migrants Four streams Folkways Seaboard environment Indian attitudes toward environment European ideas of land ownership Environmental changes Demographic developments Population growth High birthrate Low death rate Women in colonies Assumed inferiority Work Domestic sphere Greater opportunities Short supply The economy and society of the southern colonies Agriculture Important crops Nature of the headright system Growth of large-scale farming Labor System of indentured servants Slavery Need for slavery African roots Differences and similarities West African society Atlantic creoles Demand for slaves New England colonial life Land policy of the towns Homes and family life The economy and commerce Farming Fishing Trade Balance of trade problem Shortage of hard money Puritan religion Attitudes toward clothing, drink, and sex Relationship to the Church of England Elements of democracy in the church The covenant theory Cohesiveness of Puritan society Strains within the Puritan consensus Relations of parents and sons Effects of individual accountability to God Development of the Half-Way Covenant Witchcraft hysteria in Salem Social conflicts in Salem Events of 1692 Explanation of hysteria The middle colonies Influences of New England and the South Crops and commerce Land policies Ethnic mix Quakers Germans Scotch-Irish Colonial cities Population Five major ports Classes Urban problems The urban web Transportation Postal service Newspapers Intellectual trends The Enlightenment Impact of scientific revolution Effects on established beliefs The American Enlightenment and Benjamin Franklin Education in the colonies The Great Awakening Causes of the religious revival Roles of Edwards and Whitefield Scope of the revival movement Effects of the Great Awakening