Chapter 
Organize
Learn
Connect
Instructors now have an easy way to collect students’ online quizzes with the Norton Gradebook without flooding their inboxes with e-mails.
Students can track their online quiz scores by setting up their own Student Gradebook.
Chapter 9: The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions
Animations
Click on the links below to view animations created specifically for Earth: Portrait of a Planet. Animations require Macromedia's Flash Plug-in.
What a Geologist Imagines: Eruption of Vesuvius
Pompeii, once buried by 6 m of volcanic debris from Mt. Vesuvius, was excavated by archaeologists in the late nineteenth century. Vesuvius rises in the distance. When Mt. Vesuvius erupted in 79 C.E., it was probably much larger, as depicted in this sketch. The dark pellets are hot volcanic bombs and lapilli. For more information, see page 268 and Figure 9.1 in your textbook.
Animation: Growth of a Stratovolcano
A stratovolcano such as Japan’s Mount Fuji consists of alternating layers of ash and lava. This animation examines the processes by which a stratovolcano forms. For more information, see Figures 9.11 and 9.12 on p. 277 in your textbook.
Zoomable Art: Volcano
Volcanic eruptions are a sight to behold and, in some cases, a hazard to fear. Beneath a volcano, magma formed in the upper mantle or the lower crust rises to fill a magma chamber near the Earth’s surface. When the pressure in this magma chamber becomes great enough, magma is forced upward through a conduit, or crack, to the ground surface and erupts. For more information, see the Featured Painting on pp. 278-79 in your textbook.