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Chapter 18: Restless Realm: Oceans and Coasts

Geotours

Download Geotours.

Getting Started :

If you haven’t done it already, download Google Earth™ and install it on your computer.
If you haven’t done it already, download the Geotours.kmz file and save a copy to your desktop. (The Geotours.kmz file contains the Geotours for all chapters, so you only need to download this once!)
By downloading Geotours.kmz you acknowledge that it was created solely to accompany Steve Marshak's Earth: Portrait of a Planet and Essentials of Geology and is limited to use with only Steve Marshak's Earth: Portrait of a Planet and Essentials of Geology and may not be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means for any other purpose without the written permission of the publisher.
Double-click the Geotours.kmz file and Google Earth™ will open automatically.
In the left-hand sidebar you will see a Places menu, and in the Temporary Places folder you will see an EARTH_3e.kmz file. Double-click the file and you will see a list of Geotours for each chapter.
Then open the Geotour folder you want to explore! If you’d like to read more about the features of Geotours see Using Geotours, or go to our Helpful Resources section.

STOPS ON GEOTOUR 18: Landscapes of Oceans and Coasts

Mid-Atlantic Ridge Bathymetry
Southern South America Bathymetry

See also Worksheet Problems 1-2
"What a Geologist Sees" Geofeatures: Active Trench, Continental Shelf, Continental Slope, Abyssal Plain, South Sandwich Trench, Volcanic Arc, Mid-Ocean Ridge, and three Transform Faults

Coral Reefs, Pacific

See also Worksheet Problem 3

Rocky Coast, Maine

See also Worksheet Problem 4

Offshore Bar, near Cape Hatteras, North Carolina

See also Worksheet Problem 5

Chicago Shoreline
Fjords of Norway

See also Worksheet Problem 6

Organic Coast, Florida
Sandspit, Cape Cod, Massachusetts

See also Worksheet Problem 7

GEOTOUR 18 WORKSHEET

You can find a huge variety of different coastal and bathymetric features with Google Earth^TM or comparable programs. In addition to visiting the stops identified in this Geotour, simply fly to a coast, tilt your view, and set the image in motion—you'll be amazed at what you can see!

Southern South America Bathymetry
1. Double-click and check the box next to one of the placemarks labeled Problem 1.

(a) Match the placemarks labeled Problem 1a, b, c and d to the corresponding tectonic plate:
• South American Plate
• Scotia Plate
• Antarctic Plate
• Nazca Plate

Note: Search the area and you can also find examples of meander necks, recently breached meander necks, and abandoned meanders.

(b) Match the nearest placemark with the corresponding bathymetric feature (submarine landform). Note: The placemarks don’t necessarily sit directly on the feature mentioned.
• continental shelf
• mid-ocean ridge
• trench

Note: Search the area and you can also find examples of meander necks, recently breached meander necks, and abandoned meanders.

2. Double-click and check the box next to the placemark labeled Problem 2. Based on your answers to Problem 1, what plate-tectonic term is used to describe the point highlighted by the placemark?

Coral Reefs, Pacific
3. Double-click and check the box next to one of the three placemarks labeled Problem 3.

(a) What is white material on the south side of each island?

(b) What is controlling the shape and position of the accumulations of white material?

Rocky Coast, Maine
4. Fly to the location of Image G18.6 to see a glaciated coast that has been submerged.

(a) What is the orientation of the dominant topographic trend in this area (i.e., the trend of ridges and of fjords) in this region (e.g., N–S, NE–SW, W–E)?

(b) Is this trend a consequence of glacial flow direction during the ice age or due to the erosive action of modern-day waves?

Offshore Bar, near Cape Hatteras, North Carolina
5. Double-click and check the box next to the placemark labeled Problem 5. You will fly to an offshore bar near Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. Use the Hand Tool to obtain elevations (in m) of the offshore bar.

(a) How high would a tsunami have to be to completely submerge the bar?

(b) Why are most of the houses on the bar near the placemark for Problem 5 built on the lagoon side of the bar?

(c) Based on the shape of the sandspit 3.5 km SE of the placemark labeled Problem 5, what is the direction of longshore drift in this area?

Fjords of Norway
6. Double-click and check the box next to the placemark labeled Problem 6 to fly to the west coast of Norway. At this altitude, you can see that some of the fjords have straight trends, likely reflecting structures in the underlying bedrock. Many, however, seem to exhibit patterns that resemble those created by streams, suggesting that glaciers may have exploited existing stream drainages on their way to the sea.

(a) Looking at the fjord highlighted by the placemark for Problem 6, what stream pattern do you see?

(b) Twenty-one km NW of the placemark for Problem 6 you can see an E-W trending cliff along the fjord. (Cliffs like these are what make the fjord landscape so spectacular for tourists.) How high is this cliff?

(c) Tourists can sail on cruise ships along fjords until they are fairly far inland. About how far inland from the Atlantic coast will a cruise ship be if it is sailing in the fjord just north of the placemark for Problem 6?

Sandspit, Cape Cod, Massachusetts
7. Double-click and check the box next to the placemark labeled Problem 7. You will fly to a regional perspective of Cape Cod. This placemark lies on top of an ENE-trending glacial moraine. Double-click on Image 18.13 to zoom in on the area near Provincetown. Explain the orientation of the sandspit 2.5 km SE of the placemark for Image 18.13.

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StudySpace: Chemistry 2e.