Walt Whitman

Leaves of Grass


A NORTON CRITICAL EDITION



Contents


Preface
Introduction
Abbreviations

The Text of Leaves of Grass, 1891-1892

Epigraph: Come, said my Soul

Inscriptions.
    One's-Self I Sing
    As I Ponder'd in Silence
    In Cabin'd Ships at Sea
    To Foreign Lands
    To a Historian
    To Thee, Old Cause!
    EidÛlons
    For Him I Sing
    When I Read the Book
    Beginning my Studies
    Beginners
    To The States
    On Journeys through The States
    To a Certain Cantarice
    Me Impertube
    Savantism
    The Ship Starting
    I Hear America Singing
    What Place is Besieged?
    Still though the One I Sing
    Shut not Your Doors
    Poets to Come
    To You
    Thou Reader
Starting from Paumanok
Song of Myself

Children of Adam
    To the Garden the World
    From Pent-up Aching Rivers
    I Sing the Body Electric
    A Woman Waits for Me
    Spontaneous Me
    One Hour to Madness and Joy
    Out of the Rolling Ocean, the Crowd
    Ages and Ages, Returning at Intervals
    We Two-How Long We were Fool'd
    O Hymen! O Hymenee!
    I am He that Aches with Love
    Native Moments
    Once I Pass'd Through a Populous City
    I Heard You, Solemn-sweet Pipes of the Organ
    Facing West from California's Shores
    As Adam Early in the Morning

Calamus
    In Paths Untrodden
    Scented Herbage of My Breast
    Whoever You are Holding Me now in Hand
    For You O Democracy
    These I Singing in Spring
    Not Heaving from My Ribb'd Breast Only
    Of the Terrible Doubt of Appearances
    The Base of all Metaphysics
    Recorders Ages Hence
    When I heard at the Close of the Day
    Are You the New person, drawn toward Me?
    Roots and Leaves Themselves Alone
    Not Heat Flames up and Consumes
    Trickle Drops
    City of Orgies
    Behold this Swarthy Face
    I saw in Louisiana a Live-Oak Growing
    To a Stranger
    This Moment Yearning and Thoughtful
    I Hear it was Charged against Me
    The Prairie-Grass Dividing
    When I Peruse the Conquer'd Fame
    We Two Boys Together Clinging
    A Promise to California
    Here the Frailest Leaves of Me
    No Labor-Saving Machine
    A Glimpse
    A Leaf for Hand in Hand
    Earth! My Likeness!
    I Dream'd in a Dream
    What Think You I Take My Pen in Hand?
    To the East and to the West
    Sometimes with One I Love
    To a Western Boy
    Fast Anchor'd, Eternal, O Love
    Among the Multitude
    O You Whom I Often and Silently Come
    That Shadow My Likeness
    Full of Life now
Salut au Monde
Song of the Open Road
Crossing Brooklyn Ferry
Song of the Answerer
Our Old Feuillage
A Song of Joys
Song of the Broad-Axe
Song of the Exposition
Song of the Redwood-Tree
A Song for Occupations
A Song of the Rolling Earth
Youth, Day, Old Age and Night

Birds of Passage
    Song of the Universal
    Pioneers! O Pioneers!
    To You
    France the 18th Year of These States
    Myself and Mine
    Year of Meteors (1859-1860)
    With Antecedents
A Broadway Pageant

Sea-Drift
    Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking
    As I Ebb'd with the Ocean of Life
    Tears
    To the Man-of-War-Bird
    Aboard at a Ship's Helm
    On the Beach at Night
    The World Below the Brine
    On the Beach at Night Alone
    Song for All Seas, All Ships
    Patroling Barnegat
    After the Sea-Ship

By the Roadside
    A Boston Ballad-1854
    Europe the 72d and 73d Years of These States
    A Hand-Mirror
    Gods
    Germs
    Thoughts
    When I Heard the Learn'd Astronomer
    Perfections
    O Me! O Life!
    To a President
    I Sit and Look Out
    To Rich Givers
    The Dalliance of Eagles
    Roaming in Thought
    A Farm Picture
    A Child's Amaze
    The Runner
    Beautiful Women
    Mother and Babe
    Thought
    Visor'd
    Gliding o'er All
    Has't Never Come to Thee an Hour
    Thought
    To Old Age
    Locations and Times
    Offerings
    To Identify the 16th, 17th or 18th Presidentiad

Drum-Taps.
    First O Songs for a Prelude
    Eighteen Sixty-One
    Beat! Beat! Drums!
    From Paumanok Starting I Fly Like a Bird
    Song of the Banner at Daybreak
    Rise, O Days from Your Fathomless Deeps
    Virginia-the West
    City of Ships
    The Centenarian's Story
    Cavalry Crossing a Ford
    Bivouac on a Mountain Side
    An Army Corps on the March
    By the Bivouac's Fitful Flame
    Come up from the Fields, Father
    Vigil Strange I Kept on the Field One Night
    A March in the Ranks Hard-Prest
    A Sight in Camp in the Daybreak Gray and Dim
    As Toilsome I Wander'd Virginia's Woods
    Not the Pilot
    Year that Trembled and Reel'd Beneath Me
    The Wound-Dresser
    Long, too Long America
    Give Me the Splendid Silent Sun
    Dirge for Two Veterans
    Over the Carnage Rose Prophetic a Voice
    I saw Old General at Bay
    The Artilleryman's Vision
    Ethiopia Saluting the Colors
    Not Youth Pertains to Me
    Race of Veterans
    World Take Good Notice
    O Tan-faced Prairie Boy
    Look Down, Fair Moon
    Reconciliation
    How Solemn as One by One Spirit whose Work is Done
    As I Lay with My Head in Your Lap Camerado
    Delicate Cluster
    To a Certain Civilian
    Lo! Victress on the Peaks
    Spirit whose Work is Done
    Adieu to a Soldier
    Turn O Libertad
To the Leaven'd Soil They Trod

Memories of President Lincoln
    When Lilacs Last in the Door-yard Bloom'd
    O Captain! My Captain!
    Hush'd be the Camps To-day
    This Dust was Once the Man
By Blue Ontario's Shore
Reversals

Autumn Rivulets
    As Consequent
    The Return of the Heroes
    There was a Child Went Forth
    Old Ireland
    The City Dead-House
    This Compost
    To Foil'd European Revolutionaire
    Unnamed Lands
    Song of Prudence
    The Singer in the Prison
    Warble for Lilac-Time
    Outlines for a Tomb
    Out from Behind the Mask
    Vocalism
    To Him That was Crucified
    You Felons on Trial in Court
    Laws for Creation
    To a Common Prostitute
    I was Looking a Long While
    Thought
    Miracles
    Sparkles from The Wheel
    To a Pupil
    Unfolded Out of the Folds
    What am I After All
    Kosmos
    Others may Praise what They Like
    Who Learns My Lesson Complete
    Tests
    The Torch
    O Star of France (1870-71)
    The Ox Tamer
    An Old Man's Thought of School
    Wandering at Morn
    Italian Music in Dakota
    With All Thy Gifts
    My Picture-Gallery
    The Prairie States
Proud Music of the Storm
Passage to India
Prayer of Columbus
The Sleepers
Transpositions
To Think of Time

Whispers of Heavenly Death
    Darest Thou Now O Soul
    Whispers of Heavenly Death
    Chanting the Square Dieific
    Of Him I Love Day and Night
    Yet, Yet, Ye Downcast Hours
    As if a Phantom Caress'd Me
    Assurances
    Quicksand Years
    That Music Always Round Me
    What Ship Puzzled at Sea
    A Noiseless Patient Spider
    O Living Always, Always Dying
    To One Shortly to Die
    Night on the Prairies
    Thought
    The Last Invocation
    As I Watch'd the Ploughman Ploughing
    Pensive and Faltering
Thou Mother with Thy Equal Brood
A Paumanok Picture

From Noon to Starry Night
    Thou Orb Aloft Full-Dazzling
    Faces
    The Mystic Trumpeter
    To a Locomotive in Winter
    O Magnet-South
    Mannhatta
    All is Truth
    A Riddle Song
    Excelsior
    Ah Poverties, Wincings, and Sulky Retreats
    Thoughts
    Mediums
    Weave in, My Hardy Life
    Spain, 1873-74
    By Broad Potomac's Shore
    From Far Dakota's Canyons (June 25, 1876)
    Old War-Dreams
    Think-Sprinkled Bunting
    What Best I See in Thee
    Spirit That Form'd This Scene
    As I Walk These Broad Majestic Days
    A Clear Midnight
    
Songs of Parting
    As the Time Draws Nigh
    Years of the Modern
    Ashes of Soldiers
    Thoughts
    Song at Sunset
    As at Thy Portals Also Death
    My Legacy
    Pensive of Her Dead Gazing
    Camps of Green
    The Sobbing of the Bells
    As They Draw to a Close
    Joy, Shipmate, Joy
    The Untold Want
    Portals
    These Carols
    Now Finale to the Shore
    So Long!

First Annex: Sands at Seventy
    Mannahatta
    Paumanok
    From Montauk Point
    To Those Who've Fail'd
    A Carol Closing Sixty-Nine
    The Bravest Soldiers
    A Font of Type
    As I Sit Writing Here
    My Canary Bird
    Queries to My Seventieth Year
    The Wallabout Martyrs
    The First Dandelion
    America Memories
    To-day and Thee
    After the Dazzle of Day
    Abraham Lincoln, born Feb. 12, 1809
    Out of May's Shows Selected
    Halcyon Days
    Fancies at Navesink
        (The Pilot in the Mist - - - Had I the Choice - - - You Tides With
          Ceaseless Swell - - - Last of Ebb, and Daylight Waning - - -
          And Yet Not You Alone - - - Proudly the Flood Comes In - - -
          By That Long Scan of Waves - - - Then Last of All.)
    Election Day, November, 1884
    With Husky-Haughty Lips, O Sea
    Death of General Grant
    Red Jacket (from Aloft)
    Washington's Monument, February, 1885
    Of That Blithe Throat of Thine
    Broadway
    To Get the Final Lift of Songs
    Old Salt Kossabone
    The Dead Tenor
    Continuities
    Yonnondio
    Life
    "Going Somewhere"
    Small the Theme of My Chant
    True Conquerors
    The United States to Old World Critics
    The Calming Thought of All
    Thanks in Old Age
    Life and Death
    The Voice of the Rain
    Soon Shall the Winter's Foil Be Here
    While Not the Past Forgetting
    The Dying Veteran
    Stronger Lessons
    A Prairie Sunset
    Twenty Years
    Orange Buds by Mail From Florida
    Twilight
    You Lingering Sparse Leaves of Me
    Not Meagre, Latent Boughs Alone
    The Dead Emperor
    As the Greek's Signal Flame
    The Dismantled Ship
    Now Precedent Songs, Farewell
    An Evening Lull
    Old Age's Lambent Peaks
    After the Supper and Talk

Second Annex: Good-Bye My Fancy
    Sail Out for Good, Eidolon Yacht
    Lingering Last Drops
    Good-Bye my Fancy
    On, on the Same, ye Jocund Twain
    My 71st Year
    Apparitions
    The Pallid Wreath
    An Ended Day
    Old Age's Ship · Crafty Death's
    To the Pending Year
    Shakspere-Bacon's Cipher
    Long, Long Hence
    Bravo, Paris Exposition
    Interpolation Sounds
    To the Sunset Breeze
    Old Chants
    A Christmas Greeting
    Sounds of the Winter
    A Twilight Song
    When the Full-grown Poet Came
    Osceola
    A Voice from Death
    A Persian Lesson
    The Commonplace
    "The Rounded Catalogue Divine Complete"
    Mirages
    L. of G.'s Purport
    The Unexpress'd
    Grand is the Seen
    Unseen Buds
    Good-Bye my Fancy

PREFATORY LETTER AND A BACKWARD GLANCE O'ER TRAVEL'D ROADS
Prefatory Letter to the Reader, Leaves of Grass1889
A Backward Glance O'er Travel'd Roads

Old Age Echoes
An Executor's Diary Note, 1891
    To Soar in Freedom and in Fullness of Power
    Then Shall Perceive
    The Few Drops Known
    One Thought Ever at the Fore
    While Behind All Firm and Erect
    A Kiss to the Bride
    Nay, Tell Me Not To-day the Publish'd Shame
    Supplement Hours
    Of Many a Smutch'd Deed Reminiscent
    To Be At All
    Death's Valley
    On the Same Picture
    A Thought of Columbus

Other Poetic Writings

Note on the Texts

POEMS EXCLUDED FROM "LEAVES OF GRASS"
    Great are the Myths
    Poem of Remembrances for a Girl or a Boy of These States
    Think of the Soul
    Respondez!
    [In the New Garden]
    [Who is Now Reading This?]
    [I Thought That Knowledge Alone Would Suffice]
    [Hours Continuing Long]
    [So Far, and So Far, and On Toward the End]
    Thoughts-1: Visages
    Leaflets
    Thoughts-6: "Of What I Write"
    Says
    Apostroph
    O Sun of Real Peace
    To You
    Now Life Me Close
    To the Reader at Parting
    Debris
    [States!]
    Thoughts-2: "Of Waters, Forests, Hills"
    Thoughts-4: "Of Ownership · . ."
    Bathed in War's Perfume
    Solid, Ironical, Rolling Orb
    Up, Lurid Stars!
    Not My Enemies Ever Invade Me
    This Day, O Soul
    When I Read the Book
    Lessons
    Ashes of Soldiers: Epigraph
    One Song, America, Before I Go
    Souvenirs of Democracy
    From My Last Years
    In Former Songs
    The Beauty of the Ship
    After an Interval
    Two Rivulets
    Or from That Sea of Time
    As in a Swoon
    [Last Droplets]
    Ship Ahoy!
    For Queen Victoria's Birthday
    L of G.
    After the Argument
    For Us Two, Reader Dear

PASSAGES EXCLUDED FROM "LEAVES OF GRASS" POEMS
    [The Writer of Melodious Verses]
    [This is the Breath for America]
    [Eleves I Salute You!]
    [Old Forever New Things]
    [The Teeming Mother of Mothers]
    [This is Mastering Me]
    [O Hot-Cheek'd and Blushing]
    [Now Lucifer Was Not Dead]
    [Invocation: To Workmen and Workwomen]
    [Facts Showered Over with Light]
    [Language for America]
    [His Shape Arises]
    [A Thought of the Clef of Eternity]
    [What Do You Hear, Walt Whitman?]
    [You Dumb Beautiful Ministers]
    [Which Are My Miracles?]
    [You Who Celebrates Bygones!]
    [Creations for Strong Adults]
    [Readers to Come]
    [O Bitter Sprig!]
    [Nearing Departure]
    [Let None Be Content with Me]
    [Realities, the Visions of Poets]
    [Give Me the Clue · . · the Word Final]
    [Orators Fir for America]
    [Epigraph: A Carol of Harvest]
    [With Additional Songs Every Spring]
    [Aroused and Angry]

UNCOLLECTED POEMS
    Pictures
    [Miscellaneous Fragments of "Pictures"]
    [All that We Are]
    [I am the Poet]
    [O I Must Not Forget!]
    [Love Is the Cause of Causes]
    [I Last Winter]
    [I Cannot Be Awake]
    Light and Air
    [Of Your Soul]
    [What the Sun]
    [Have You Supplied]
    [I Do Not Expect]
    Scantlings
    Poems of Existence
    [Until You Can Explain · . · ]
    [Remembrances]
    Thought
    To The Future
    To an Exclusive
    As of Forms
    [To This Continent · . .]
    [The Divinest Blessings · . .]
    Thoughts
    [What Would It Bring You]
    The Two Vaults
    Two Antique Records
    O Brood Continental
    Kentucky
    To The Prevailing Bards
    [The Long, Long Solemn Trenches]
    [Three Rises in my Brain]
    Ship of Libertad
    After Certain Disastrous Campaigns
    Sights-the Army Corps, Encamped on the War Field
    Sonnet: Inscription to Precede · . .
    While the Schools and the Teachers Are Teaching
    [Two Elegies on Lincoln]
    April 1865
    Beauty: Series of Comparisons
    [Mask with Their Lids]
    Starry Union
    Hands Round
    Wood odors

UNPUBLISHED POEMS
    A Soul Duet
    To the Poor
    Pictures
    Broadway, 1861
    [I Too Am Drawn]
    [I Stand and Look]
    Of My Poems
    Of the Democratic Party 58-59-60
    [To What You Said]
    [While Some I So Deeply Loved]
    Reminiscences
    [Disease and Death]
    Starry Union
    [What the Word of Power]
    Last Words
    [Glad the Jaunts for the Known]
    Champagne in Ice
    To the Soul
    Two Little Buds
    [Sunrise]

UNCOLLECTED MANUSCRIPT FRAGMENTS
    [Sesostris]
    After Death
    [America]
    America to the Old World Bards
    [American Air]
    [War]
    [As Nature]
    We Are
    [As to You]
    [As We Are]
    ? Ashes of Roses
    The Body-
    [Can ?]
    [Decoration Day]
    [Divine is the Person]
    Ebb and Flood Tides
    [The Epos of a Life]
    [The Grappler]
    [Have I Refreshed]
    [Hear My Fife!]
    [I Have Appeared]
    [Immortality]
    [I Admire]
    [I Am a Look]
    [I Am a Student]
    [I Am Become]
    [I Am Not Content]
    [I Am That Halfgrown Angry Boy]
    [I Know Many Beautiful Things]
    [I Know that Amativeness]
    [I Shall Venerate]
    [I Subject All the Teachings]
    [In American Schools]
    [I'll Trace This Garden]
    [It Were Easy to be Rich]
    [Life, Light]
    [Living Bulbs]
    [Nor Humility's Book]
    [Or I See Now]
    [Osirus]
    [The Poet is a Recruiter]
    [The Power by Which]
    [Princess of Wales]
    [A Procession Without Halt]
    [Remember if You Are Dying]
    [Sanity and Ensemble]
    [Shall we Sky-lark]
    [Ships Sail upon the Waters]
    The Souls Procession
    [Spirituality, the Unknown]
    [That is Profitable]
    [These Are the Caravan]
    Proem
    [Undulating, Swiftly Merging]
    [What, Think You]
    [Why Should I Subscribe]
    [Will You Have the Walls]
    [The Woman That Sells]
    [Poetic Lines in 1855-1856 Notebook]

Prefaces
Preface 1855-Leaves of Grass, First Edition
Prefatory Letter to Ralph Waldo Emerson
Leaves of Grass 1856
    Emerson to Whitman, 1855
    Whitman to Emerson, 1856
Preface 1872-As a Strong Bird on Pinions Free
Preface 1876-Leaves of Grass and Two Rivulets
A Backward Glance O'er Travel'd Roads, 1888 (see above)

CHRONOLOGY OF WALT WHITMAN'S LIFE AND WORK

Whitman on His Art
Comments, 1855-1892
A Whitman Manuscript

Criticism
Walt Whitman · Leaves of Grass: A Volume of Poems Just Published
Edward Everett Hale · Leaves of Grass, Brooklyn, 1855
George Saintsbury · Leaves of Grass
William Dean Howells · [Whitman in Retrospect]
New York Times · Walt Whitman's Career
Havelock Ellis · Whitman
Barrett Wendell · Walt Whitman
Van Wyck Brooks · The Precipitant
John Cowper Powys · Walt Whitman
D. H. Lawrence · Whitman
Lewis Mumford · High Noon
Vernon Louis Parrington · Afterglow of the
  Enlightenment
Henry Alonzo Myers · Whitman's Conception of the Spiritual
  Democracy
Cesare Pavese · Whitman-Poetry of Poetry Writing
Randall Jarrell · Some Lines from Whitman
Richard Volney Chase · One's Self I sing
Gay Wilson Allen · Walt Whitman: "Cosmos-Inspired"
William Carlos Williams · An Essay on Leaves of Grass
Iwao Matsuhara · Walt Whitman in Japan
Malcolm Cowley · [Hindu Mysticism and Whitman's "Song
  of Myself"]
V. K. Chari (Whitman and Indian Thought
Roger Asselineau · [The "Plan" for Leaves of Grass]
Karl Shapiro · The First White Aboriginal
Bernice Slote · Start with the Sun
Denis Donoghue · Walt Whitman
Anthony Burgess · The Answerer
Kenneth Rexroth · Walt Whitman
Horace M. Kallen · Of Love, Death, and Walt Whitman
Harold W. Blodgett (The Critical Response

SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY
INDEX OF TITLES


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