| * Boldface
titles indicate works in the anthology. |
TEXTS
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CONTEXTS
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2200-1450 B.C. Minoan civilization flourishes on Crete
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ca. 1450 Mycenaeans from mainland Greece occupy Crete
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ca. 1150 Troy destroyed by the Achaeans
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late 8th century B.C. Greek alphabetic scripts
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776 Olympic Games founded in Greece
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| ca. 700
Homer, the Iliad, the
Odyssey |
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| 600
Sappho writing her Lyrics on the island
of Lesbos |
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594 Solon reforms laws at Athens, which becomes the world's
first democracy (508), and defeats a Persian invasion at Marathon (490)
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490–479 Greece turns back a massive Persian invasion by sea at
Salamis and by land at Plataea
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458 Aeschylus's dramatic trilogy, The Oresteia,
produced in Athens
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ca. 441 Sophocles, Antigone
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431 Euripides, Medea
429–347 Plato, author of The Apology of Socrates
and Phaedo
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431–404 Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta; Athens
surrenders (404)
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426? Sophocles, Oedipus the King
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411 Aristophanes, Lysistrata
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399 Trial and execution of Socrates
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384–322 Aristotle, author of Poetics
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ca. 385 Plato founds the Academy
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ca. 350 Beginnings of Indian epic,
Mahabharata
• Shuang-tse founds monist religious philosophy
in China • Greek amphitheater built at Epidauros
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338 United Greeks defeated by Philip II of Macedon at Chaeronea
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335 Aristotle founds Peripatetic school of philosophy and
lectures in the Lyceum
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334 Alexander of Macedon, Philip's son, conquers Persian empire
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323 Euclid writes Elements, the first work of geometry
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307 Library and museum established at Alexandria, Egypt
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148 Macedonia becomes a Roman province
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31 At Actium, Octavian Augustus Caesar defeats Antony and
Cleopatra
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ca. 6 Birth of Jesus
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A.D. 26–36 Pontius Pilate, Roman governor
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ca. 33 Crucifixion of Jesus
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ca. 35 Conversion of Paul
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47–58 Paul's missionary journeys
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66–70 Jewish revolt against Roman rule; Roman emperor Titus
captures Jerusalem
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ca. A.D. 75 Luke, Gospels and Acts of the Apostles
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ca. 80 Matthew, Gospels
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