" // questions and Answers number_answers = new Array(5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5) q1 = "What is the traditional date for the founding of the Roman empire?"; q1answer = "b"; q1a = "841 b.c."; q1b = "753 b.c."; q1c = "411 b.c."; q1d = "14 b.c."; q1e = "a.d. 14"; q1review = "See page 1044."; q2 = "Which of the following areas was not part of the Roman empire?"; q2answer = "d"; q2a = "Britain"; q2b = "Mesopotamia"; q2c = "Libya"; q2d = "Hibernia"; q2e = "Gaul"; q2review = "See page 1040."; q3 = "Virgil based his epic the Aeneid upon the writing of which Greek poet?"; q3answer = "c"; q3a = "Aeschylus"; q3b = "Sophocles"; q3c = "Homer"; q3d = "Euripides"; q3e = "Aristophanes"; q3review = "See page 1042."; q4 = "After the fall of the Roman Empire, who or what appropriated the ideal of a world-state and ruled from the same center of Rome?"; q4answer = "e"; q4a = "Benito Mussolini"; q4b = "the Christian Democrats"; q4c = "Giuseppe Garibaldi"; q4d = "the latifundia"; q4e = "the Catholic church"; q4review = "See page 1041."; q5 = "Who of the following Romans was never emperor?"; q5answer = "b"; q5a = "Caligula"; q5b = "Catullus"; q5c = "Julius Caesar"; q5d = "Claudius"; q5e = "Nero"; q5review = "See pages 1041–1047."; q6 = "In addition to his lyric poems about his love affair with Lesbia, the 116 poems by Catullus that survive include a wide variety. Which of the following does not describe any of them?"; q6answer = "e"; q6a = "imitations of Greek poets"; q6b = "long poems on Greek mythological themes"; q6c = "scurrilous personal attacks on contemporary politicians and private individuals"; q6d = "a magnificent marriage hymn"; q6e = "a satirical epic about the Roman aristocracy"; q6review = "See page 1046."; q7 = "The tone of Catullus's lyrics to Lesbia is often tumultuous, ranging from the erotic delight to morbid despair often in a single poem, as best exhibited is which of the following couplets?"; q7answer = "b"; q7a = ""Lesbia hurls abuse at me in front of her husband:
that fatuous person finds it highly amusing!""; q7b = ""I hate & I love. And if you should ask how I can do both,
I couldn't say; but I feel it; and it shivers me.""; q7c = ""My woman says there is no one whom she'd rather marry
than me, not even Jupiter, if he came courting.""; q7d = ""Now Lesbia is stunning, for Lesbia's beauty is total:
and by that sum all other women are diminished.""; q7e = ""Darling, we'll both have equal shares in the sweet love you offer,
and it will endure forever—you assure me.""; q7review = "See page 1049."; q8 = "The double meanings in Catullus's poetry are sometimes obscene to modern readers, as in Poem 2, which is about which of the following subjects?"; q8answer = "d"; q8a = "Lesbia's soiled slippers"; q8b = "a workman's heavy plough"; q8c = "a lion whose mouth has been wired to be open permanently"; q8d = "his beloved's pet sparrow"; q8e = "a cornucopia stuffed with over-ripened fruit"; q8review = "See page 1047."; q9 = "For what must Aeneas suppress many aspects of his personality?"; q9answer = "d"; q9a = "his magical powers"; q9b = "his passion for destruction"; q9c = "his religious dedication"; q9d = "his devotion to duty"; q9e = "his family's needs"; q9review = "See page 1052."; q10 = "For what reason do many critics consider the Dido episode a flaw in the general design of the Aeneid?"; q10answer = "b"; q10a = "Aeneas loses sight of the Roman ideal of dedicated individualism."; q10b = "Through his actions, Aeneas loses much of the reader's sympathies."; q10c = "It is written in pentameter, rather than hexameter."; q10d = "It borrows from the Homeric poems in both sentiments and incidents."; q10e = "Dido surpasses Aeneas as a prototype of the ideal Roman ruler."; q10review = "See page 1053."; q11 = "Upon which mythological event does Virgil base the plot of the Aeneid?"; q11answer = "c"; q11a = "the ten-year siege of Troy"; q11b = "the seduction and abduction of Helen by Paris"; q11c = "the events leading up to the Trojan War"; q11d = "the peace that follows the Trojan War"; q11e = "the judgment of Paris"; q11review = "See pages 1055–1134."; q12 = "When did Virgil finish the Aeneid?"; q12answer = "e"; q12a = "before beginning the Bucolics"; q12b = "before beginning the Georgics"; q12c = "about the time Julius Caesar conquered Gaul"; q12d = "immediately after the assassination of Julius Caesar"; q12e = "he died before completing it"; q12review = "See page 1052."; q13 = "Why does Aeneas visit the underworld?"; q13answer = "a"; q13a = "to see his father"; q13b = "to rescue Eurydice"; q13c = "to battle Minos"; q13d = "to punish Dido for her infidelity"; q13e = "to mock the unfaithful"; q13review = "See pages 1110 and 1118."; q14 = "What is carved on the shield given to Aeneas by Venus?"; q14answer = "d"; q14a = "a map of the world"; q14b = "the victorious battles of Julius Caesar"; q14c = "the past glories of Rome"; q14d = "the future glories of Rome"; q14e = "the story of Romulus and Remus"; q14review = "See pages 1125–1129."; q15 = "As with all epics, the Aeneid is a work of state propaganda. Though Aeneas, a prototype for the ideal Roman, suffers an unhappy life and miserable death, what is his greatest consolation?"; q15answer = "b"; q15a = "his love affair with Dido"; q15b = "the future glory of his sons"; q15c = "that he will be compared with Achilles and Odysseus"; q15d = "that he would one day rule over the Trojans"; q15e = "his protection by the gods"; q15review = "See page 1052."; q16 = "Which of the following is not a work by Ovid, known for his erotic writing?"; q16answer = "d"; q16a = "the Art of Love"; q16b = "the Heroides"; q16c = "the Metamorphoses"; q16d = "Don Juan"; q16e = "the Amores"; q16review = "See page 1135."; q17 = "Though the stories in the fifteen books of the Metamorphoses are not related by common characters, what is a common element among them?"; q17answer = "a"; q17a = "Each involves changes, especially bodies becoming other bodies."; q17b = "Each follows characters from early childhood to old age."; q17c = "Each serves as a handbook for seduction."; q17d = "Each informs the reader of a means by which to end a love affair."; q17e = "Each chronicles the love affairs of the legendary heroines."; q17review = "See page 1138."; q18 = "In the first book of the Metamorphoses, Ovid narrates stories of rape from different perspectives. Though this subject might seem shocking to us, what mythological rape does Ovid point to in the Art of Love as the heart of Rome's foundation legend?"; q18answer = "d"; q18a = "the rape of Leda by Jupiter"; q18b = "the rape of the lock"; q18c = "the rape of Nanjing"; q18d = "the rape of the Sabine women"; q18e = "the rape of Europa by Zeus"; q18review = "See page 1136."; q19 = "Which story from Ovid's Metamorphoses ends with the "triumph" of heterosexual love but also centers around the instability of gender with its descriptions of cross-dressing and a sex change?"; q19answer = "a"; q19a = "Iphis and Ianthe"; q19b = "Ceres and Proserpina"; q19c = "Atalanta and Hippomenes"; q19d = "Orpheus and Eurydice"; q19e = "Hades and Proserpina"; q19review = "See pages 1161–1165."; q20 = "In book five of the Metamorphoses, Ceres throws a sweet drink made of roast barley into the face of a boy she finds insolent. What is his reaction?"; q20answer = "e"; q20a = "He is changed into a bull, which she orders to be slaughtered for a feast."; q20b = "He brutally rapes her, then he pursues her daughter Proserpina."; q20c = "He throws a cup of boiling water into her face, but she dodges it."; q20d = "He transforms into a bird and flies away."; q20e = "He grows claws, she shrinks him to the size of a lizard, and he runs away."; q20review = "See page 1154."; q21 = "During their first sexual encounter, by what name does Cinyras call his daughter Myrrha?"; q21answer = "b"; q21a = "Cenchreis"; q21b = "daughter"; q21c = "nurse"; q21d = "Venus"; q21e = "mother"; q21review = "See page 1173."; q22 = "Which of the following is not the name of one of Trimalchio's friends who attends his banquet, but the name of the famous wine that they drink and have poured on their hands by long-haired Ethiopian slaves?"; q22answer = "c"; q22a = "Dama"; q22b = "Seleucus"; q22c = "Falernian"; q22d = "Phileros"; q22e = "Ganymedes"; q22review = "See pages 1184–1188."; q23 = "Over the course of their dinner, Trimalchio entertains his guests with rather extravagant presentations. Which of the following is not among them?"; q23answer = "d"; q23a = "presents to each of the guests and an atrocious pun on each guest's name"; q23b = "a silver skeleton, to remind them to live while they can"; q23c = "three white pigs, all decked out in muzzles and bells, one of which will be the next course"; q23d = "a troupe of acrobats who perform tricks with the pigs"; q23e = "peahen eggs on the verge of hatching"; q23review = "See pages 1185–1191."; q24 = "At the beginning of the banquet, Trimalchio excuses himself to go to the toilet. Which of the following is not a subject of dinner conversation in his absence?"; q24answer = "b"; q24a = "the corn shortage due to a drought and, perhaps, the abandonment of religion by most Romans"; q24b = "Trimalchio's mural in which he appears holding the wand of Mercury"; q24c = "Chrysanthus's life and death"; q24d = "the benefit of hot beverages on cold days"; q24e = "a forthcoming, three-day show with gladiators and a woman who fights in a chariot"; q24review = "See pages 1186–1190."; q25 = "What was Trimalchio before he became a millionaire?"; q25answer = "d"; q25a = "a professor"; q25b = "an eunuch"; q25c = "a lictor"; q25d = "a slave"; q25e = "a slave trader"; q25review = "See page 1193."; q26 = "What does Trimalchio call "a woman's chains"?"; q26answer = "a"; q26a = "jewelry"; q26b = "beauty"; q26c = "fortune"; q26d = "conjugal duties"; q26e = "personal attendants"; q26review = "See page 1195."; q27 = "Why does Trimalchio announce that his will includes a provision by which his slaves are given their freedom?"; q27answer = "c"; q27a = "to amuse his guests, as he has no intention of freeing his slaves"; q27b = "to excuse his demands, which might appear excessive to his guests"; q27c = "to encourage his household to love him as much as if he were dead"; q27d = "to win the affections of his wife"; q27e = "to win the affections of Habinnas's wife"; q27review = "See page 1195."; q28 = "Which of Trimalchio's actions cause his wife to hurl insults at him?"; q28answer = "e"; q28a = "He announces his intention to free his slaves after his death."; q28b = "He discusses his bowel movements with his guests."; q28c = "He requests cornet players to play a death march, which they do so loudly that the fire brigade arrives."; q28d = "He intends to have a statue of her erected beside his tomb."; q28e = "He kisses a boy at length in her presence."; q28review = "See page 1197."; // End of hiding the script. --> <body>This page requires a browser that can display frames.<script type="text/javascript"> var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? 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