" // questions and Answers number_answers = new Array(5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5) q1 = "Which of the following is not a general characteristic of the nineteenth century in Europe?"; q1answer = "c"; q1a = "the rise of the middle class"; q1b = "intense nationalism"; q1c = "a radical politicization of the plastic arts"; q1d = "unremitting colonialism"; q1e = "the spread of industrialization"; q1review = "See pages 1071–1073."; q2 = "As critical programs, both realism and naturalism opposed the conventions of what earlier literary and artistic style?"; q2answer = "e"; q2a = "mysticism"; q2b = "Symbolism"; q2c = "classicism"; q2d = "neoclassicism"; q2e = "Romanticism"; q2review = "See page 1074."; q3 = "Who wrote the manifesto for Symbolism?"; q3answer = "d"; q3a = "Baudelaire"; q3b = "Mallarmé"; q3c = "Verlaine"; q3d = "Moréas"; q3e = "Rimbaud"; q3review = "See page 1079."; q4 = "What is the phrase most frequently associated with Flaubert's writing?"; q4answer = "b"; q4a = "Bildungsroman (the development novel)"; q4b = "le mot juste (the exact word)"; q4c = "in medias res (into the middle of things)"; q4d = "l'art pour l'art (art for art's sake)"; q4e = "écriture automatique (automatic writing)"; q4review = "See page 1077."; q5 = "In Flaubert's novel, what sort of headgear is Charles Bovary wearing when he arrives at his new school?"; q5answer = "e"; q5a = "a hussar's busby"; q5b = "a lancer's cap"; q5c = "a sealskin cap"; q5d = "a nightcap"; q5e = "a composite type with elements of all of the above"; q5review = "See page 1089."; q6 = "In Flaubert's novel, what sort of stories does Emma Bovary despise?"; q6answer = "e"; q6a = "stories that frighten"; q6b = "stories of romances"; q6c = "stories full of suspense"; q6d = "tales of the supernatural"; q6e = "stories of down-to-earth concerns"; q6review = "See page 1137."; q7 = "Which of the following is not a theme that is customarily associated with Dostoevsky's work?"; q7answer = "b"; q7a = "the enormous contradictions of human nature"; q7b = "the great potential for adultery among those forced to live outside the city"; q7c = "the fall of humanity against beliefs in progress, revolution, and utopia"; q7d = "choices between religious faith and atheism"; q7e = "conflicts between "good" and "evil," "freedom" and "tyranny""; q7review = "See page 1301."; q8 = "Which of the following books was not written by Dostoevsky?"; q8answer = "d"; q8a = "Crime and Punishment"; q8b = "Notes from the Underground"; q8c = "Netochka Nezvanova"; q8d = "Fathers and Sons"; q8e = "The Brothers Karamazov"; q8review = "See pages 1301–1306."; q9 = "What positive remedy does Dostoevsky's Underground man propose?"; q9answer = "e"; q9a = "prayer"; q9b = "liberalism"; q9c = "a union of happiness and freedom"; q9d = "socialism"; q9e = "none"; q9review = "See page 1306."; q10 = "What nineteenth-century concept does Baudelaire question in The Voyage?"; q10answer = "c"; q10a = "liberty"; q10b = "science"; q10c = "progress"; q10d = "evolution"; q10e = "none of the above"; q10review = "See pages 1381, 1391–1395."; q11 = "What experience does Baudelaire's Correspondences best convey?"; q11answer = "c"; q11a = "amnesia"; q11b = "melancholia"; q11c = "synaesthesia"; q11d = "catatonia"; q11e = "mania"; q11review = "See page 1385."; q12 = "Mallarmé's Dice Thrown anticipates what later literary phenomenon?"; q12answer = "a"; q12a = "concrete poetry"; q12b = "surrealist games"; q12c = "prose poetry"; q12d = "imagism"; q12e = "futurist noise poems"; q12review = "See page 1399."; q13 = "Which of the following images is not emphasized in Mallarmé's The Afternoon of a Faun?"; q13answer = "e"; q13a = "sterility"; q13b = "whiteness"; q13c = "arrested movement"; q13d = "chill"; q13e = "completeness"; q13review = "See pages 1400–1403."; q14 = "With whom did Verlaine have a notorious affair?"; q14answer = "d"; q14a = "Jeanne Duval"; q14b = "Stéphane Mallarmé"; q14c = "Lucien Létinois"; q14d = "Arthur Rimbaud"; q14e = "Mathilde Mauté"; q14review = "See page 1405."; q15 = "In some of the poems of the collection Fêtes galantes, Verlaine alludes to the works of which eighteenth-century painter?"; q15answer = "a"; q15a = "Antoine Watteau"; q15b = "Jean-Baptiste Greuze"; q15c = "Henry Fuseli"; q15d = "François Boucher"; q15e = "Jean-Honoré Fragonard"; q15review = "See pages 1406, 1408."; q16 = "Why did the Surrealists most regard Rimbaud as a role model?"; q16answer = "d"; q16a = "He moved from idealism to bitterness in a manner that was considered beautiful and "convulsive.""; q16b = "He abandoned poetry to pursue colonialist enterprises, thereby challenging bourgeois notions of art."; q16c = "He embraced homosexuality, an ideal outlined in Breton's manifestos."; q16d = "He exemplified a revolutionary with dedication beyond the written word."; q16e = "All of the above"; q16review = "See page 1411."; q17 = "By what means did Rimbaud determine to make himself a voyant?"; q17answer = "e"; q17a = "reading Victor Hugo's poetry"; q17b = "traveling on boats"; q17c = "imbibing drugs"; q17d = "hiding behind the window curtains"; q17e = "whatever means necessary"; q17review = "See pages 1411–1412."; q18 = "What historical event serves as the setting for Tolstoy's War and Peace?"; q18answer = "a"; q18a = "the Napoleonic invasion of Russia"; q18b = "the Bolshevik Revolution"; q18c = "the French Revolution"; q18d = "the Crimean War"; q18e = "the Dreyfus Affair"; q18review = "See page 1419."; q19 = "In Tolstoy's story, what is Ivan Ilyich's profession?"; q19answer = "c"; q19a = "an army general"; q19b = "a medical doctor"; q19c = "a judge"; q19d = "a serf"; q19e = "an opera singer"; q19review = "See page 1420."; q20 = "In Tolstoy's story, which of the following is not a reaction to the imminent death of Ivan Ilyich?"; q20answer = "a"; q20a = "His son Vasya boldly asks for a larger share of his inheritance."; q20b = "His doctors focus on the name of his disease and virtually ignore him as a patient."; q20c = "His wife remembers how she has suffered during his agony."; q20d = "His colleagues speculate on the room that his death will make for promotions."; q20e = "His daughter thinks of the delay his that death will cause her marriage."; q20review = "See pages 1422–1460."; q21 = "In Ibsen's play, how does Hedda Gabler die?"; q21answer = "d"; q21a = "kidney failure"; q21b = "struck dead by a thunderbolt"; q21c = "bitten on the breast by an asp"; q21d = "shoots herself in the head"; q21e = "takes laudanum"; q21review = "See page 1518."; q22 = "In Hedda Gabler, what does Eilert Loevborg do with the manuscript?"; q22answer = "b"; q22a = "He throws it into Hedda's fireplace."; q22b = "He drops it by the roadside."; q22c = "He stores it in a lock-box."; q22d = "He tears it to pieces and scatters them across the fjord."; q22e = "He makes copies of it and distributes it to local officials."; q22review = "See page 1501."; q23 = "With whom does Hedda Gabler flirt?"; q23answer = "b"; q23a = "Eilert Loevborg"; q23b = "Judge Brack"; q23c = "George Tesman"; q23d = "Thea Elvsted"; q23e = "no one"; q23review = "See pages 1482–1488."; q24 = "In what professional field other than writing was Chekhov trained?"; q24answer = "e"; q24a = "astrology"; q24b = "physics"; q24c = "astronomy"; q24d = "diplomacy"; q24e = "medicine"; q24review = "See page 1519."; q25 = "In his short stories, what is perhaps Chekhov's most recognizable achievement?"; q25answer = "c"; q25a = "his use of allegory"; q25b = "his reference to biblical scriptures"; q25c = "his attention to the inner lives of his characters"; q25d = "his cryptic use of symbolism"; q25e = "his highly stylized sentences"; q25review = "See page 1519."; q26 = "What distinguishes Chekhov's The Lady with the Dog from contemporary Russian stories of marital infidelity?"; q26answer = "b"; q26a = "It is set in Yalta."; q26b = "It ends with the possibility of a new beginning."; q26c = "Gurov is a womanizer."; q26d = "It is written in a third-person narrative."; q26e = "Anna feels remorse after her first infidelity."; q26review = "See pages 1524–1535."; q27 = "What is the offstage sound heard at the end of The Cherry Orchard?"; q27answer = "a"; q27a = "the stroke of the ax against a tree"; q27b = "gunfire"; q27c = "the yelping of an injured dog"; q27d = "the ringing of church bells"; q27e = "a train whistle"; q27review = "See page 1571."; // End of hiding the script. --> <body>This page requires a browser that can display frames.<script type="text/javascript"> var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? 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