" // questions and Answers number_answers = new Array(5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5) q1 = "Which genre is considered the most important form of lyric poetry in Urdu?"; q1answer = "d"; q1a = "qasidah"; q1b = "sonnet"; q1c = "qafiyah"; q1d = "ghazal"; q1e = "qit'a"; q1review = "See page 1061."; q2 = "Musha'irah is best defined as:"; q2answer = "e"; q2a = "poetry of introspection and reflection."; q2b = "The relationship between man and God."; q2c = "the poet's signatory phrase."; q2d = "a public performative genre."; q2e = "a gathering of poets."; q2review = "See page 1061."; q3 = "What feature has made it possible to interpret homoerotic undertones in the ghazal tradition?"; q3answer = "d"; q3a = "using masculine possessive pronouns"; q3b = "naming of God as a man"; q3c = "describing the beloved as a man"; q3d = "using the masculine grammatical form for the beloved"; q3e = "using male names for the beloved"; q3review = "See page 1061."; q4 = "Of the following statements about ghazal poetry, which is not true?"; q4answer = "b"; q4a = "Sadness and unfulfilled love pervade the poems."; q4b = "It enjoyed little popularity in intellectual circles."; q4c = "Each poem typically consists of three to seven couplets."; q4d = "Complex and formal conventions usually mark this genre."; q4e = "They are usually lyrical contemplations on love as a metaphor."; q4review = "See page 1061."; q5 = "Takhallus is best defined as:"; q5answer = "c"; q5a = "a rhyming couplet."; q5b = "a refrain."; q5c = "the poet's pen name."; q5d = "a sacred image."; q5e = "a sequence of sounds."; q5review = "See page 1061."; q6 = "Who is generally considered the preeminent ghazal poet?"; q6answer = "c"; q6a = "Mir"; q6b = "Sauda"; q6c = "Ghalib"; q6d = "Momin"; q6e = "Zauq"; q6review = "See page 1064."; q7 = "Which emperor became Ghalib's patron?"; q7answer = "a"; q7a = "Bahadur Shah"; q7b = "Shah Rukh Khan"; q7c = "Sejal Shah"; q7d = "Purvi Shah"; q7e = "Shah Rayar"; q7review = "See page 1064."; q8 = "What is the primary significance of the events of 1857?"; q8answer = "e"; q8a = "Indian princes and soldiers revolted against the British."; q8b = "Ghalib ceased to produce literary work."; q8c = "Poets fled Delhi for smaller towns."; q8d = "a, b, and c"; q8e = "only a and c"; q8review = "See page 1064."; q9 = "What household object is considered a mystical image of perfect truth and clarity?"; q9answer = "c"; q9a = "a bowl"; q9b = "a jug of water"; q9c = "a mirror"; q9d = "an oil lamp"; q9e = "a plate"; q9review = "See page 1066."; q10 = "Why does the poet in Ghazal VIII seem unable to rejoice?"; q10answer = "b"; q10a = "He has lost his beloved."; q10b = "He is in exile."; q10c = "His cherished friend has died."; q10d = "He is unable to find poetic inspiration."; q10e = "He is aimlessly wandering the desert."; q10review = "See page 1066."; q11 = "To which religious group that worships fire does Ghalib allude in Ghazal X?"; q11answer = "a"; q11a = "Parsi"; q11b = "Muslim"; q11c = "Jain"; q11d = "Hindu"; q11e = "Buddhist"; q11review = "See pages 1066–1067."; q12 = "Which of the following stock images usually evokes the beloved?"; q12answer = "a"; q12a = "her dark curls"; q12b = "her brooding face"; q12c = "her pensive gaze"; q12d = "her veiled face"; q12e = "her tear-streaked face"; q12review = "See page 1067."; q13 = "Which of the following is not typically associated with the image of the pardah?"; q13answer = "e"; q13a = "screen"; q13b = "curtain"; q13c = "note of music"; q13d = "veil"; q13e = "transparency"; q13review = "See page 1067."; q14 = "According to the Arabian legend, who wandered around the desert passionately searching for his love, Laila?"; q14answer = "b"; q14a = "Hir"; q14b = "Majnoon"; q14c = "Mehboob"; q14d = "Muhammad"; q14e = "Salman"; q14review = "See page 1068."; q15 = "What is the literal translation of qafas-e-rang?"; q15answer = "c"; q15a = "prison of love"; q15b = "festival of color"; q15c = "prison of color"; q15d = "festival of love"; q15e = "none of the above"; q15review = "See page 1068."; // End of hiding the script. --> <body>This page requires a browser that can display frames.<script type="text/javascript"> var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www."); document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> try { var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-8722556-1"); pageTracker._trackPageview(); } catch(err) {}</script> <script type="text/javascript"> var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www."); document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> try { var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-8722556-1"); pageTracker._trackPageview(); } catch(err) {}</script> </body>