" // questions and Answers number_answers = new Array(5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5) q1 = "Bhakti poetry is best defined as:"; q1answer = "d"; q1a = "the poetry of the aristocrats."; q1b = "the poetry of the low castes and downtrodden."; q1c = "the poetry of women saints."; q1d = "the poetry of mystical devotion to God."; q1e = "the poetry of the royal court."; q1review = "See page 2373."; q2 = "Moksa is best defined as:"; q2answer = "c"; q2a = "mystical utterances."; q2b = "the pursuit of love."; q2c = "release and liberation from the cycle of life and rebirth."; q2d = "the cycle of life and death."; q2e = "spiritual enlightenment gained by renouncing material happiness."; q2review = "See page 2373."; q3 = "Which type of relationship between the devotee and God is most often present in bhakti poetry?"; q3answer = "d"; q3a = "daughter and father"; q3b = "student and teacher"; q3c = "wife and husband"; q3d = "female and male lover"; q3e = "mother and son"; q3review = "See page 2374."; q4 = "Which god is celebrated in the poetry of Campantar and Appar?"; q4answer = "e"; q4a = "Virasaiva"; q4b = "Visnu"; q4c = "Saiva"; q4d = "Krishna"; q4e = "Siva"; q4review = "See page 2378."; q5 = "Which of the following statements about Siva is not true?"; q5answer = "a"; q5a = "He is the creator of the universe."; q5b = "He is revered by the Saiva."; q5c = "He lives in the Himalayas with the goddess Parvati"; q5d = "He is Lord of the Animals."; q5e = "He dances in a ring of fire."; q5review = "See page 2378."; q6 = "Which substance is used to anoint the Lord Siva in Appar's poetry?"; q6answer = "d"; q6a = "rose water"; q6b = "sugar syrup"; q6c = "coconut oil"; q6d = "clarified butter and milk"; q6e = "holy water"; q6review = "See page 2379."; q7 = "According to legend, which river flows through the locks of Siva's hair?"; q7answer = "d"; q7a = "the Kaveri"; q7b = "the Jumna"; q7c = "the Brahmaputra"; q7d = "the Ganges"; q7e = "the Sarayu"; q7review = "See page 2381."; q8 = "The Virasaivas are:"; q8answer = "d"; q8a = "vaisyas who worship Siva."; q8b = "worshipers of Visnu."; q8c = "mystic devotees of Visnu."; q8d = "militant devotees of Siva."; q8e = "vaisyas who worship Visnu."; q8review = "See page 2383–2384."; q9 = "Which two poets are closely associated with the Virasaivas of Karnataka?"; q9answer = "c"; q9a = "Mirabai and Basavanna"; q9b = "Mahadeviyakka and Mirabai"; q9c = "Mahadeviyakka and Basavanna"; q9d = "Basavanna and Kabir"; q9e = "Kabir and Mirabai"; q9review = "See page 2383–2384."; q10 = "According to the legend described in Basavanna's poetry, placing one's hand in a pitcher with a cobra is a test of:"; q10answer = "d"; q10a = "devotion."; q10b = "intellect."; q10c = "common sense."; q10d = "truth."; q10e = "bravery."; q10review = "See page 2385."; q11 = "To which creature does Mahadeviyakka compare herself?"; q11answer = "c"; q11a = "a spider"; q11b = "a butterfly"; q11c = "a silkworm"; q11d = "a caterpillar"; q11e = "a dragonfly"; q11review = "See page 2385."; q12 = "Which flower does Mahadeviyakka associate with Siva?"; q12answer = "d"; q12a = "a rose"; q12b = "a hibiscus"; q12c = "a lotus"; q12d = "a jasmine"; q12e = "a mimosa"; q12review = "See page 2388–2389."; q13 = "Which statement about the Bengali Vaisnava tradition is not accurate?"; q13answer = "d"; q13a = "Autobiography is less important than it is in Virasaiva poetry."; q13b = "The greatest complexity is attained in the final line of a poem."; q13c = "An erotic relationship as a way to God is the basis of the poetic form."; q13d = "Love between Siva and Radha is idealized."; q13e = "Songs are addressed to different audiences."; q13review = "See page 2391."; q14 = "Which of the following personae is related to Krishna?"; q14answer = "e"; q14a = "slayer of dragons"; q14b = "slayer of thieves"; q14c = "slayer of monkeys"; q14d = "slayer of cobras"; q14e = "slayer of demons"; q14review = "See page 2393."; q15 = "Sakhi is best defined as:"; q15answer = "d"; q15a = "a female devotee of Krishna."; q15b = "a female consort of Krishna."; q15c = "a female incarnation of the goddess Laksmi."; q15d = "a devoted female friend."; q15e = "a devotee of Mirabai."; q15review = "See page 2394."; q16 = "In Chandidasa's poetry, which instrument played by Krishna contributes to Radha's ruin?"; q16answer = "b"; q16a = "veena"; q16b = "flute"; q16c = "sitar"; q16d = "tabla"; q16e = "harmonium"; q16review = "See page 2395–2396."; q17 = "Which of the following statements about Kabir is the most accurate?"; q17answer = "d"; q17a = "His songs were decried for being overly acerbic."; q17b = "He believes that enlightenment is achieved by mastering sacred texts."; q17c = "He believes in the separation of Islam and Hinduism."; q17d = "He was born into a family of weavers."; q17e = "His poetry marks a reverence for yogis and ascetics."; q17review = "See page 2396."; q18 = "According to legend, Kabir was able to:"; q18answer = "c"; q18a = "walk through fire without getting burned."; q18b = "walk through thorns without getting pricked."; q18c = "walk on water."; q18d = "walk on hot coals without burning his soles."; q18e = "walk through the rain without getting wet."; q18review = "See page 2396."; q19 = "To which god is poet-saint Mirabai devoted?"; q19answer = "e"; q19a = "Siva"; q19b = "Visnu"; q19c = "Rama"; q19d = "Radha"; q19e = "Krishna"; q19review = "See page 2401."; q20 = "Which bird is traditionally a mystical symbol of the pure soul?"; q20answer = "e"; q20a = "the dove"; q20b = "the peacock"; q20c = "the cuckoo"; q20d = "the pigeon"; q20e = "the wild goose"; q20review = "See page 2405. 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