Glossary
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Glossary Terms for letter: N
natural selection The process by which some organisms, with features that enable them to adapt to the environment, preferentially survive and reproduce, thereby increasing the frequency of those features in the population.
Neolithic The late Pleistocene/early Holocene culture, during which humans domesticated plants and animals.
noncoding DNA Sequences of a gene's DNA (also known as introns) that are not coded to produce specific proteins and are excised before protein synthesis.
nondisjunctions Refers to the failure of the chromosomes to properly segregate during meiosis, creating some gametes with abnormal numbers of chromosomes.
nonheme iron Iron—found in lentils and beans—that is less efficiently absorbed by the body than is heme iron.
nonhoning canine An upper canine that, as part of a nonhoning chewing mechanism, is not sharpened against the lower third premolar.
nonmelanic Refers to an individual with low concentrations of melanin.
nonmineralized Refers to bone reduced to its organic component.
nonsynonymous point mutation A point mutation that creates a triplet coded to produce a different amino acid than that of the original triplet.
Notharctus A genus of one of the largest adapids from the Eocene.
nucleotide The building block of DNA and RNA, comprised of a sugar, a phosphate group, and one of four nitrogen bases.
nucleus A membrane-bound structure in eukaryotic cells that contains the genetic material.
nutrition transition The shift in diet to one that is high in saturated fat and sugar; a cause of the global obesity epidemic.
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